Fatty liver diseases, bile acids, and FXR.
Fatty liver diseases, bile acids, and FXR.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apsb.2016.07.008
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
Guo, Grace L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu, Yan;Liu, Hongxia;Zhang, Min;Guo, Grace L.
关键词：
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的患病率在世界范围内以惊人的速度增长，这可能会导致巨大的医疗和经济负担。NAFLD表现为一系列肝脏疾病，包括单纯性脂肪变性、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）、纤维化、肝硬化，甚至肝细胞癌（HCC）。由于可能涉及多种遗传和环境易感性因素，对nafld向nash转变的机制尚未有全面的了解。对其机制的理解可能为NASH的预防和治疗提供新的策略。胆汁酸稳态异常调节是肝损伤的重要机制。胆汁酸的稳态是由胆汁酸激活的法内甾体X受体（FXR）调控的。已知FXR在调节胆汁酸合成和运输中发挥组织特异性作用。目前的研究表明，FXR在调节肝脏脂质代谢和抑制炎症方面也起着重要作用。因此，未来确定FXR保护肝脏免受NAFLD发生的分子机制可能为NAFLD的预防和治疗提供线索。非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的患病率在世界范围内以惊人的速度增长，这可能会导致巨大的医疗和经济负担。Farnesoid X受体（FXR）在调节肝脏脂质代谢和抑制炎症中起主要作用。FXR可能通过(1)拮抗NF-κB功能，(2)维持胆汁酸稳态，(3)诱导急性期反应蛋白发挥抗炎作用。这些发现可能有助于NAFLD的预防和治疗。
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide has increased at an alarming rate, which will likely result in enormous medical and economic burden. NAFLD presents as a spectrum of liver diseases ranging from simple steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism(s) of NAFLD-to-NASH transition remains elusive with various genetic and environmental susceptibility factors possibly involved. An understanding of the mechanism may provide novel strategies in the prevention and treatment to NASH. Abnormal regulation of bile acid homeostasis emerges as an important mechanism to liver injury. The bile acid homeostasis is critically regulated by the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) that is activated by bile acids. FXR has been known to exert tissue-specific effects in regulating bile acid synthesis and transport. Current investigations demonstrate FXR also plays a principle role in regulating lipid metabolism and suppressing inflammation in the liver. Therefore, the future determination of the molecular mechanism by which FXR protects the liver from developing NAFLD may shed light to the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide has increased at an alarming rate, which will likely result in enormous medical and economic burden. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) was currcently confirmed to plays a principle role in regulating lipid metabolism and suppressing inflammation in the liver. FXR may exert its anti-inflammatory effects via (1) antagonizing NF-κB function, (2) maintaining bile acid homeostasis, and (3) inducing acute phase response proteins. These findings may shed light to the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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