Cooperative interactions among females and even more extraordinary sex ratios
Cooperative interactions among females and even more extraordinary sex ratios
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DOI：
10.1101/2020.06.08.118786
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ryosuke Iritani;S. West;J. Abe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ryosuke Iritani;S. West;J. Abe
汉密尔顿的本地配偶竞争理论为一系列生物体中异常偏向女性的性别比例提供了解释。当交配发生在局部时，在结构性人群中，倾向于雌性偏向的性别比例，以减少相关雄性之间的竞争，并为雄性提供更多的配偶。然而，有许多黄蜂物种的性别比例似乎比汉密尔顿理论预测的更偏向雌性。我们从理论上研究了相关雌性之间的合作互动在多大程度上可以与当地的配偶竞争相互作用，从而有利于更加偏向女性的性别比例。我们发现：（i）女性之间的合作互动可能导致性别比例比当地竞争理论单独预测的更偏向女性； (ii) 当合作互动是后代在分散之前帮助父母，而不是分散之后兄弟姐妹之间的合作时，性别比例可能更偏向于女性。我们的结果可以应用于一系列生物体，并为在硬皮黄蜂和蜜蜂黄蜂中观察到的极端性别比例偏差提供了解释。
Hamilton’s local mate competition theory provided an explanation for extraordinary female biased sex ratios in a range of organisms. When mating takes place locally, in structured populations, a female biased sex ratio is favoured to reduce competition between related males, and to provide more mates for males. However, there are a number of wasp species where the sex ratios appear to more female biased than predicted by Hamilton’s theory. We investigated theoretically the extent to which cooperative interactions between related females can interact with local mate competition to favour even more female biased sex ratios. We found that: (i) cooperative interactions between females can lead to sex ratios that are more female biased than predicted by local competition theory alone; (ii) sex ratios can be more female biased when the cooperative interactions are offspring helping parents before dispersal, rather than cooperation between siblings after dispersal. Our results can be applied to a range of organisms, and provide an explanation for the extreme sex ratio biases that have been observed in Sclerodermus and Melittobia wasps.