STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF SALIVARY FUNCTION
STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF SALIVARY FUNCTION
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DOI：
10.1177/10454411930040030101
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
OPPENHEIM, FG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LAMKIN, MS;OPPENHEIM, FG
唾液通过表现出多种宿主防御功能在维持口腔健康中起着重要作用。这些包括稳态过程、润滑、抗微生物活性以及牙齿脱矿/再矿化的控制。唾液和唾液分泌物的生物化学研究证实，特定的唾液蛋白负责这些防御功能。因为这些唾液蛋白中的一些已经被广泛表征。包括它们的一级结构，探索它们的结构/功能关系已经变得可行。例如，酸性富含脯氨酸的蛋白质（PRP）表现出对羟基磷灰石的高亲和力，抑制磷酸钙盐从相对于羟基磷灰石过饱和的溶液中的晶体生长，结合钙离子，并在吸附到羟基磷灰石时与几种口腔细菌相互作用。他汀类、组蛋白和半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂也表现出对矿物表面的亲和力，抑制磷酸钙沉淀，并在保持牙齿完整性方面发挥作用。此外，组胺素表现出抗细菌和抗真菌活性。鉴定这些唾液蛋白的功能结构域的方法包括酶消化的蛋白质和肽、合成肽和肽类似物、化学修饰的蛋白质的功能测定以及天然蛋白质或肽的生物物理研究。这些研究已经证明，组蛋白的杀真菌活性位于多肽链的中间部分，而PRP和雌甾酮的羟基磷灰石结合结构域位于磷酸化的氨基末端区域。功能结构域的鉴定对于理解作用机制至关重要，并且这些信息可以用于开发治疗剂。
Saliva plays an important role in the maintenance of oral health by exhibiting multiple host defense functions. These include homeostatic processes, lubrication, antimicrobial activity, and the control of demineralization/remineralization of teeth. Biochemical studies of saliva and salivary secretions established that specific salivary proteins are responsible for these defense functions. Because some of these salivary proteins have been characterized extensively. including their primary structures, it has become feasible to explore their structure/function relationships. Acidic proline-rich proteins (PRPs), for example, exhibit high affinity to hydroxyapatite, inhibit crystal growth of calcium phosphate salts from solutions supersaturated with respect to hydroxyapatite, bind calcium ions, and interact with several oral bacteria on adsorption to hydroxyapatite. Statherins, histatins, and cystatins also exhibit affinities to mineral surfaces, inhibit calcium phosphate precipitation, and play a role in maintaining the integrity of teeth. Furthermore, histatins exhibit both antibacterial and antifungal activities. Approaches to identifying the functional domains of these salivary proteins include functional assays of enzymatically digested proteins and peptides, synthetic peptides and peptide analogues, and chemically modified proteins as well as biophysical studies of native proteins or peptides. Such studies have demonstrated that the fungicidal activities of histatins reside in the middle portion of the polypeptide chain, whereas the hydroxyapatite binding domains of PRPs and statherin reside in the phosphorylated amino-terminal regions. Identification of functional domains is vital in understanding the mechanisms of action and this information can be exploited in the development of therapeutic agents.