5-aminolevolinic acid enhances sunflower resistance to Orobanche cumana (Broomrape)
5-aminolevolinic acid enhances sunflower resistance to Orobanche cumana (Broomrape)
复制标题
5-氨基左旋叶酸增强向日葵对列当 (Broomrape) 的抗性
DOI：
10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111467
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发表时间：
2019-11-15
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Xu, Ling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Juanjuan;Yang, Chong;Xu, Ling
根寄生杂草向日葵(Orobanche Cumana Wallr.)专一性侵染向日葵(Heliantus annuus L.)并对它们的质量和产量造成重大损失。本试验旨在评价5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)对向日葵(cv.)TK0409)。用5种浓度(0、5、10、15和20 mg L-1)的丙氨酸对向日葵种子进行预处理，然后将萌发的种子种植在有虫和未有病的土壤中。结果表明，向日葵根和叶中的丙二醛(MDA)和活性氧(ROS)含量均显著增加，提示向日葵体内的氧化猝发，而外源ALA通过诱导抗氧化酶和非抗氧化酶的活性，显著降低了根和叶中丙二醛和ROS的水平。此外，ALA还能明显恢复受高粱侵染的向日葵叶肉细胞和根尖细胞的超微结构损伤。此外，与单独感染向日葵相比，施加ALA显著降低了向日葵在库马纳胁迫下的木葡聚糖内葡糖苷酶/水解酶相关基因(XTH6和XTH9)的表达，这表明向日葵抗性的增强可能与ALA激活的过敏性反应有关。不同剂量的ALA均能提高向日葵对南美斑潜蝇的抗性，其中以10 mg L-1ALA处理效果最好。综上所述，ALA通过促进抗氧化系统、降低ROS水平、减少细胞损伤和调节逆境相关基因的表达来增强向日葵对高粱的抗性。
The root holoparasitic weed sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) specifically infects sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) and causes significant loss of their quality and production. This experiment was designed to evaluate the ameliorative effects of 5-aminolevolinic acid (ALA) on susceptible sunflower (cv. TK0409) under O. cumana stress. Sunflower seeds were pretreated at five concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 mg L-1) of ALA, and then the germinated seeds were grown in O. cumana infested and non-infested soil. Results revealed that malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly increased in both roots and leaves along with O. cumana penetration, suggesting oxidative bursts in sunflower, whereas exogenously applied ALA significantly reduced the levels of MDA and ROS by inducing anti- and non-antioxidant enzyme activities under O. cumana stress. Besides, ALA obviously recovered the ultrastructural damages of broomrape-invaded leaf mesophyll and root tip cells in sunflower. Moreover, application of ALA significantly decreased the expressions of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase related genes (XTH6 and XTH9) in sunflower under O. cumana stress compared with the O. cumana infected plants alone, indicating that the increased resistance of sunflower might be related to hypersensitive reactions which were activated by ALA. All the applied dosages of ALA had the effects of enhancing the resistance of sunflower against O. cumana, and the most effective mitigation was observed at 10 mg L-1 ALA pretreatment. In conclusion, ALA enhanced sunflower resistance to broomrape by promoting antioxidant defence system, reducing ROS levels, decreasing cellular damage and regulating the expressions of stress related genes.