Strigolactones: structures and biological activities.
Strigolactones: structures and biological activities.
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DOI：
10.1002/ps.1726
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发表时间：
2009-05
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
K. Yoneyama;Xiaonan Xie;K. Yoneyama;Y. Takeuchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Yoneyama;Xiaonan Xie;K. Yoneyama;Y. Takeuchi
从植物根部释放的独脚金内酯诱导根寄生杂草独脚金（独脚金属）的种子萌发。和列当属（Orobanche spp.）和共生丛枝菌根（AM）真菌的菌丝分枝。除了这些功能在根际，独脚金内酯最近已被证明是一类新的植物激素调节芽生长。迄今为止鉴定的天然独脚金内酯具有共同的C-D环部分，其被认为是表现出生物活性的必需结构。在5-脱氧独脚金醇（碱性独脚金内酯）的A-B环部分上引入取代得到各种独脚金内酯，例如在C-4、C-5和C-9上羟基化分别得到列当醇、独脚金醇和高粱醇。然后，将发生这些羟基独脚金内酯的乙酰化和可能的其他衍生化。尽管C-2 '-（R）立体化学被认为是有效萌发刺激活性的重要结构特征，但在烟草、水稻、豌豆和其他植物物种的根分泌物中发现了2'-表独脚金内酯，这表明至少一些植物产生两种差向异构体。
Strigolactones released from plant roots induce seed germination of root parasitic weeds, witchweeds (Striga spp.) and broomrapes (Orobanche spp.), and hyphal branching of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. In addition to these functions in the rhizosphere, strigolactones have recently been shown to be a novel class of plant hormones regulating shoot outgrowth. The natural strigolactones identified so far have the common C-D ring moiety, which is thought to be the essential structure for exhibiting biological activity. The introduction of substitutions on the A-B ring moiety of 5-deoxystrigol, the basic strigolactone, affords various strigolactones, e.g. hydroxylation on C-4, C-5 and C-9 leads to orobanchol, strigol and sorgomol respectively. Then, acetylation and probably other derivatisations of these hydroxy-strigolactones would occur. Although the C-2'-(R) stereochemistry was thought to be an important structural feature for potent germination stimulation activity, 2'-epi-strigolactones were found in root exudates of tobacco, rice, pea and other plant species, indicating that at least some plants produce both epimers.