Predictors for traumatic brain injuries evaluated through accident reconstructions.
Predictors for traumatic brain injuries evaluated through accident reconstructions.
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DOI：
10.4271/2007-22-0003
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发表时间：
2007-10
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Kleiven
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Kleiven
本研究的目的是评估所有58个可用的NFL病例，并使用详细和广泛验证的人体头部有限元模型比较轻度创伤性脑损伤的各种预测因素。还研究了整体损伤测量，如角加速度和平移加速度的大小、角速度的变化、头部撞击功率（HIP）和HIC，以评估其预测颅内压和损伤相关应变的能力。使用超弹性和粘弹性本构关系的大脑材料特性进行建模。此外，三个不同的刚度参数，包括一系列已发表的脑组织特性，进行了测试。对6个不同区域的8个组织损伤预测因子进行了评价，覆盖整个大脑以及整个大脑。此外，10个头部运动学为基础的预测进行了评估，无论是与损伤以及应变和压力的相关性。当评估结果时，当观察大脑的特定区域时，发现应变、应变率、应变和应变率的乘积、累积应变损伤测量（CSDM）、应变能密度、最大压力、最小压力的大小以及von Mises有效应力与损伤之间的统计相关性。然而，在灰质中的最大压力显示出更高的相关性比其他评估措施与损伤。另一方面，它是可能的，通过重建的摩托车越野赛事故，以重建受伤的车手使用最大主应变的大脑中的损伤模式。还发现，旋转速度和HIC的峰值变化的简单线性组合显示出与脑中的最大主应变的高度相关性（R=0.98），此外还作为损伤的显著预测因子。当对其中一种情况分别应用旋转和平移运动学时，发现平移运动学对颅内变形应变的贡献很小，而旋转运动学对压力响应的贡献不显著。这项研究强调，基于应变的脑组织损伤预测因子对脑组织刚度的选择非常敏感。
The aim of this study is to evaluate all the 58 available NFL cases and compare various predictors for mild traumatic brain injuries using a detailed and extensively validated finite element model of the human head. Global injury measures such as magnitude in angular and translational acceleration, change in angular velocity, head impact power (HIP) and HIC were also investigated with regard to their ability to predict the intracranial pressure and strains associated with injury. The brain material properties were modeled using a hyperelastic and viscoelastic constitutive law. Also, three different stiffness parameters, encompassing a range of published brain tissue properties, were tested. 8 tissue injury predictors were evaluated for 6 different regions, covering the entire cerebrum, as well as for the whole brain. In addition, 10 head kinematics based predictors were evaluated both for correlation with injury as well as with strain and pressure. When evaluating the results, a statistical correlation between strain, strain rate, product of strain and strain rate, Cumulative Strain Damage Measure (CSDM), strain energy density, maximum pressure, magnitude of minimum pressure, as well as von Mises effective stress, with injury was found when looking into specific regions of the brain. However, the maximal pressure in the gray matter showed a higher correlation with injury than other evaluated measures. On the other hand, it was possible, through the reconstruction of a motocross accident, to re-create the injury pattern in the brain of the injured rider using maximal principal strain. It was also found that a simple linear combination of peak change in rotational velocity and HIC showed a high correlation (R=0.98) with the maximum principal strain in the brain, in addition to being a significant predictor of injury. When applying the rotational and translational kinematics separately for one of the cases, it was found that the translational kinematics contribute very little to the intracranial distortional strains while the rotational kinematics contributes insignificantly to the pressure response. This study underlines that the strain based brain tissue injury predictors are very sensitive to the choice of stiffness for the brain tissue.