11—THE INFLUENCE OF HUMIDITY ON THE ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF COTTON. PART V—THE TENSILE BEHAVIOUR
11—THE INFLUENCE OF HUMIDITY ON THE ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF COTTON. PART V—THE TENSILE BEHAVIOUR
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11—湿度对棉花弹性性能的影响第五部分—拉伸性能。
DOI：
10.1080/19447023008661513
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通讯作者：
F. T. P. B.Sc.
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作者：
K. C. Brown;B.Sc. A.Inst.P. James Cameron Mann M.A.;F. T. P. B.Sc.
单根棉毛的拉伸阻力是所有棉织物拉伸性能的最终因素，也是头发结构研究的重要内容。关于湿度对断裂载荷的影响的一些实验已经有了描述^，但是通过测量极限拉伸和拉伸阻力到断裂点来给出更完整的拉伸行为规范，需要更精密的仪器和费力的观察。Barratt描述了一种“纤维平衡”来达到这个目的，但从目前的观点来看，他对棉花的观察记录只能作为方法的说明。现在讨论的问题需要更广泛的统计数据，如本文所提供的。所使用的仪器是Barratt的改良版，由精确的短臂分析天平制成。在它的轴线附近，安装了一面固定镜和一面活动镜，通过一束光在标尺上的多次反射，使标本的延伸放大了80倍。这是固定在一个特殊的抓手在一只手臂，另一个是由奥尼尔浮，这是发现更简单和更有效的比Barratt使用的电磁装置。这个天平被密封在湿度控制箱中，毛发被取样，安装，并按文中引用的方法进行调节。奥尼尔圆柱体的射流被安排成任何期望的加载速率，并由一名观察者停止和启动，这名观察者还观察着刻度上指示标本延伸的光点。
The resistance of a single cotton hair to extension is the ultimate factor in the tensile behaviour of all cotton textiles, and is also of interest in the study of hair structure. Some experiments on the effect of humidity on the breaking load have already been described^, but the more complete specification of the tensile behaviour given by measurements of ultimate extension and of resistance to extension up to the breaking point demands more elaborate apparatus and laborious observation. Barratt^ described a" Fibre Balance." that serves the purpose, but from the present point of view his recorded observations on cotton serve only as illustrations of the methods. The problems now discussed demand more extensive and statistical data such as those given in this paper.The apparatus employed was a modification of Barratt's, made from an accurate analytical balance with short arms. Near its axis, a fixed and a moving mirror were added, which, by multiple reflection of a beam of light on a scale, produced an eighty-fold magnification of the extension of the specimen. This was fastened in a special grip on one arm, the other being loaded by an O'Neill float, which was found both simpler and more efficient than the electro-magnetic device used by Barratt. This balance was enclosed in a humidity control box^ and the hairs were sampled, mounted, and conditioned by the methods also described in the paper quoted. The efflux from the O'Neill cylinder was arranged to give any desired rate of loading and to be stopped and started by one observer, who also watched the spot of light that indicated on the scale the extension of the specimen.