Axion quality problem alleviated by nonminimal coupling to gravity

Axion quality problem alleviated by nonminimal coupling to gravity
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通过与重力的非最小耦合缓解轴子质量问题

DOI:
10.1103/physrevd.105.076008
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Nagata Natsumi
Nagata Natsumi
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hamaguchi Koichi;Kanazawa Yoshiki;Nagata Natsumi

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预计引力会破坏全局对称性,这可能会给基于这些对称性的模型带来严重问题。一个著名的例子是QCD轴子模型中强问题的Peccei-Quinn解;它要求高质量地遵守全局U(1)对称性,即使违反U(1)对称性的普朗克尺度抑制算子也会破坏这个解。事实上,众所周知,引力瞬子确实打破了U(1) pecceei - quinn对称,并诱发了U(1)违反算子,将强问题带回轴子模型。然而,这个结论高度依赖于围绕普朗克尺度的理论结构,因此,如果我们超越最小设置,可能会回避这个结论。本文研究了Peccei-Quinn场与引力的非极小耦合对引力瞬子效应的影响。这种设置在宇宙学中经常被考虑,因为它可以实现成功的暴胀。我们发现引力瞬子的U(1)破缺效应可以被充分抑制,这表明即使在重力存在的情况下,U(1)对称性也可以保持高质量。这为避免全局对称性的质量问题提供了一条新的途径。
Global symmetries are expected to be violated by gravity, which may cause a serious problem to models based on these symmetries. A famous example is the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strongproblem in QCD axion models; it requires a global U(1) symmetry to be respected with high quality, and even the Planck-scale suppressed operators that violate the U(1) symmetry would spoil this solution. Indeed, it is known that gravitational instantons do break the U(1) Peccei-Quinn symmetry and induce the U(1)-violating operators, bringing back the strongproblem to the axion models. This conclusion is, however, highly dependent on the structure of the theory around the Planck scale and, therefore, may be evaded if we go beyond the minimal setup. In this paper, we study the effect of a nonminimal coupling of the Peccei-Quinn field to gravity,, on the gravitational instanton effect. This setup is frequently considered in cosmology as it can realize a successful inflation if. We find that the U(1)-breaking effect of the gravitational instantons can sufficiently be suppressed for, which suggests that the U(1) symmetry may be maintained with high quality even in the presence of gravity. Our result thus points to a new way to avoid the quality problem of global symmetries.
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