Presence, genetic variability, and potential significance of “Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii” in the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum
Presence, genetic variability, and potential significance of “Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii” in the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum
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DOI：
10.1007/s10493-012-9582-5
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发表时间：
2012-06
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
A. Williams-Newkirk;Lori Rowe;T. Mixson-Hayden;G. Dasch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Williams-Newkirk;Lori Rowe;T. Mixson-Hayden;G. Dasch
我们使用下一代测序技术首次在美国东部的孤星星蜱（Amblyomma americanum）中检测到细菌“AmblydatusMidichloria patii”。采用靶向可变区5-3的条形码16 S rRNA基因真细菌引物，通过焦磷酸测序对来自4个州7个地点的177个个体和11个蜱池进行了检测。所有调查人群的平均感染率为0.15（范围0-0.29），只有样本量最小的地点（n = 5）为阴性。在16 S rRNA基因的271 bp区域中鉴定了三种基因型，差异为2.6- 4.1%。在北卡罗来纳州和纽约的研究中心同时出现两种变体，但在这些研究中心的同一蜱中未观察到。第三种基因型仅在格鲁吉亚发现。系统发育分析表明，这三个变种更密切相关的“AdidatusMidichloriacomii”基因型从其他蜱种比彼此。这种变异表明，在A中发生了多个独立的引入。americpudi，这可能提供深入了解细菌在其生态系统中的传播和寄生在这种蜱虫上。这种细菌的存在是否影响A中其他病原体和共生体的获得或维持。美洲蜱的生存，生物学和进化本身是未知的。
We used next generation sequencing to detect the bacterium “CandidatusMidichloria mitochondrii” for the first time in lone star ticks (Amblyomma americanum) from the eastern United States. 177 individuals and 11 tick pools from seven sites in four states were tested by pyrosequencing with barcoded 16S rRNA gene eubacterial primers targeting variable regions 5–3. Average infection prevalence was 0.15 across all surveyed populations (range 0–0.29) and only the site with the smallest sample size (n = 5) was negative. Three genotypes differing by 2.6–4.1 % in a 271 bp region of 16S rRNA gene were identified. Two variants co-occurred in sites in North Carolina and New York, but were not observed in the same tick at those sites. The third genotype was found only in Georgia. Phylogenetic analysis of this fragment indicated that the three variants are more closely related to “CandidatusMidichloria mitochondrii” genotypes from other tick species than to each other. This variation suggests that multiple independent introductions occurred inA. americanumwhich may provide insight into bacterial spread within its ecosystem and parasitism on this tick. Whether the presence of this bacterium affects acquisition or maintenance of other pathogens and symbionts inA. americanumor the survival, biology and evolution of the tick itself is unknown.