Assemblies of biomaterials in mesoporous media.
Assemblies of biomaterials in mesoporous media.
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DOI：
10.1166/jnn.2006.253
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发表时间：
2006-06
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Vinu;Masahiko Miyahara;K. Ariga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Vinu;Masahiko Miyahara;K. Ariga
将生物材料组装到机械稳定的无机结构上有利于提高生物材料在生物催化过程中的稳定性和性能。在众多的无机材料中，介孔材料如介孔氧化硅和介孔碳因其结构清晰、孔几何形状可控、对生物材料具有尺寸选择性吸附等独特功能而备受关注。本文的第一部分系统地介绍了介孔介质对蛋白质、酶、维生素和氨基酸的吸附行为。介孔材料的孔几何形状（孔径和体积）是生物材料（尤其是蛋白质）的尺寸选择性吸附的关键因素，蛋白质通常具有与孔尺寸相当的尺寸。生物材料在介孔碳上的吸附研究表明，客体分子与介孔材料表面的疏水相互作用是控制生物材料吸附量的重要参数。通常在生物材料的等电点处观察到生物材料的增强吸附，其中生物材料之间的静电排斥最小化。此外，几个功能，如生物分子分离，反应器的功能，控制药物释放，和光化学性质在后面的部分进行了讨论。生物材料在介孔介质中组装的研究还处于起步阶段，但合理设计的介孔材料的开发将有力地推动这些尚未探索的领域的研究。
Assemblies of biomaterials onto mechanically stable inorganic structure are advantageous for the practical applications because of the potential to improve the stability and performance of biomaterials in the biocatalytic processes. Among many kinds of inorganic materials, mesoporous materials such as mesoporous silica and mesoporous carbon have attracted special attention owing to their well-defined structures and perfectly controlled pore geometries, which would lead to unique functions such as size selective adsorption of biomaterials. In the first part of this review, adsorption behaviors of proteins, enzymes, vitamins, and amino acids in aqueous solutions onto mesoporous media are systematically explained. Pore geometries (pore diameter and volume) of mesoporous materials are the crucial factors for the size selective adsorption of biomaterials, especially proteins, which often have a size comparable to pore dimension. The studies on the adsorption of biomaterials on the mesoporous carbon reveal that hydrophobic interaction between guest molecules and surface of the mesoporous materials is an important parameter which controls the amount of biomaterials adsorption. Enhanced adsorption of biomaterials was commonly observed at their isoelectric point, where electrostatic repulsion is minimized between the biomaterials. In addition, several functions such as biomolecular separation, reactor function, controlled drug release, and photochemical properties are discussed in the latter sections. Studies on assemblies of biomaterials in mesoporous media are still in initial stage, but the development of appropriately designed mesoporous materials would powerfully promote researches in these fascinating unexplored fields.