Wooden tools and fire technology in the early Neanderthal site of Poggetti Vecchi (Italy)
Wooden tools and fire technology in the early Neanderthal site of Poggetti Vecchi (Italy)
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1716068115
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发表时间：
2018-02-27
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Santaniello, Fabio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aranguren, Biancamaria;Revedin, Anna;Santaniello, Fabio
在Poggetti Vecchi(意大利中部托斯卡纳的Grosseto)为建造热水池而进行的挖掘中，发现了一系列可追溯到中更新世晚期的露天分层遗址中的木器。出土的木制文物以及石器和化石骨骼，主要属于直牙大象古古象。该遗址的放射性年代测定为171,000年前，因此与早期海洋同位素阶段6相关联[Benvenuti M，et al.(2017)Quat res 88：327-344]。这些树枝都是零碎的，由黄杨木制成，长1米多，一端是圆形的，另一端是尖的。它们已经被部分烧焦，可能是为了减少刮黄杨的劳动，使用的是一种到目前为止还没有文献记载的技术。这些木制文物的大小和特征类似于人们通常使用的多用途工具，也就是人们所说的“挖木棍”。Poggetti Vecchi的这一发现提供了早期尼安德特人加工和使用木材的证据，表明他们有能力用非常坚硬的木材制作工具。
Excavations for the construction of thermal pools at Poggetti Vecchi (Grosseto, Tuscany, central Italy) exposed a series of wooden tools in an open-air stratified site referable to late Middle Pleistocene. The wooden artifacts were uncovered, together with stone tools and fossil bones, largely belonging to the straight-tusked elephant Paleoloxodon antiquus. The site is radiometrically dated to around 171,000 y B.P., and hence correlated with the early marine isotope stage 6 [Benvenuti M, et al. (2017) Quat Res 88: 327-344]. The sticks, all fragmentary, are made from boxwood (Buxus sempervirens) and were over 1 m long, rounded at one end and pointed at the other. They have been partially charred, possibly to lessen the labor of scraping boxwood, using a technique so far not documented at the time. The wooden artifacts have the size and features of multipurpose tools known as "digging sticks," which are quite commonly used by foragers. This discovery from Poggetti Vecchi provides evidence of the processing and use of wood by early Neanderthals, showing their ability to use fire in tool making from very tough wood.