An enzyme in snail saliva induces herbivore-resistance in a marine alga
An enzyme in snail saliva induces herbivore-resistance in a marine alga
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2435.2006.01210.x
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Foggo, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coleman, R. A.;Ramchunder, S. J.;Foggo, A.
1. 众所周知，草食可以使植物提高其组织中防御性化学物质的产生。理解植物和食草动物之间潜在的共同进化联系模式的关键问题之一是“是什么开启了这些诱导的植物防御？”直到线索被确定，理解防御在植物环境中的进化和生态意义是困难的。我们利用软体动物唾液中存在的α -淀粉酶，诱导了一种海洋巨藻（Ascophyllum nodosum）在缺乏草食的情况下对宿主植物的抗性。随后的草食动物（Littorina obtusata）的行为发生了明显的变化，与草食诱导一致，即减少消耗，更多但更少的食物和更多的运动。与此同时，植物绿单宁的含量也随之增加，这是一种与抵御草食有关的化合物。食草动物行为和植物化学的这些变化提供了证据，证明褐藻和高等植物利用类似的基于唾液的信号来诱导对食草动物的防御。因此，讨论了这种反应可能是高度保守的或收敛策略的可能性。
1. It is well understood that herbivory can cause plants to elevate production of defensive chemicals in their tissues. One of the key questions in understanding patterns of potential coevolutionary links between plant and herbivore is 'what switches these induced plant defences on?' Until cues are identified, understanding the evolutionary and ecological significance of defences in the context of the plant is difficult.2. We induced host plant resistance in a marine macroalga (Ascophyllum nodosum) in the absence of herbivory by application of alpha-amylase, known to exist in mollusc saliva. There was a demonstrable change in the behaviour of a subsequent herbivore (Littorina obtusata) consistent with herbivore induction, i.e. reduced consumption, more but smaller meals and greater movement. We also produced a concomitant increase in the level of phlorotannins, compounds associated with defence against herbivory.3. Such changes in herbivore behaviour and plant chemistry provide evidence that brown algae and higher plants utilize similar salivate-based signals in the induction of defence against herbivory. Thus the possibility that such responses could be either highly conserved or a convergent strategy is discussed.