Diet during pregnancy in a population of pregnant women in South West England
Diet during pregnancy in a population of pregnant women in South West England
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600543
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发表时间：
1998-04-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Emmett, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rogers, I;Emmett, P
目的：描述一组孕妇的饮食状况。研究对象：居住在英格兰西南部的11,923名孕妇。设计：对怀孕32周的孕妇发放一份自我完成的非量化食物频率问卷。结果：总体而言，本次调查孕妇的营养素摄入量与上次《英国成年人膳食与营养调查》(DNSBA)中报告的所有16岁-女性的营养素摄入量非常接近。例外的是糖、钙、叶酸和维生素C的估计摄入量略高，以及视黄醇的估计摄入量略低于DNSBA。除能量、铁、镁、钾和叶酸外，所调查的大多数营养素的平均和中位数估计营养素摄入量均高于RNIS。补充维生素和矿物质的水平相当低，最常见的两种补充剂是18周前22.5%的孕妇和32周时43%的孕妇服用铁，以及9%和18%的孕妇服用叶酸。结论：这些结果表明，这个国家孕妇的饮食中可能含有充足的大部分营养物质，最有可能的例外是铁、镁、钾和叶酸。由于饮食中叶酸摄入量不足和神经管缺陷之间存在关联，叶酸摄入量过低和服用叶酸补充剂的女性比例很小，这一点令人担忧。
Objective: To describe the diet of a population of pregnant women.Subjects: Eleven thousand, nine hundred and twenty-three pregnant women resident in the south-west of England.Design: A self-completion unquantified food-frequency questionnaire was sent to the women at 32 weeks gestation. Estimated daily nutrient intakes were calculated from the answers to the questionnaire.Results: On the whole, nutrient intakes of the pregnant women in this survey compared very closely with the reported nutrient intakes for all women aged 16-64 in the last Dietary and Nutritional Survey of British Adults (DNSBA). The exceptions were sugar, calcium, folate and vitamin C where the estimated intakes were somewhat higher, and retinol, where the estimated intake was somewhat lower than the DNSBA. Mean and median estimated nutrient intakes were above the RNIs for the majority of nutrients investigated except for energy, iron, magnesium, potassium and folate. Levels of supplementary vitamin and mineral use were fairly low, the two most commonly taken supplements were iron-taken by 22.5% of the pregnant women before 18 weeks and 43% at 32 weeks and folate, taken by 9% and 18% of the women, respectively.Conclusions: These results suggest that the diets of pregnant women in this country are likely to contain adequate amounts of most nutrients, the most likely exceptions being iron, magnesium, potassium and folate. The reactively low intakes of folate and small proportion of women taking folate supplements is of concern,because of the association between inadequate amounts of folate in the diet and neural tube defects.