IMPACT OF A NET CAGE FISH FARM ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF EILAT (AQABA, RED SEA)
IMPACT OF A NET CAGE FISH FARM ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF EILAT (AQABA, RED SEA)
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埃拉特湾北部（亚喀巴、红海）网箱养鱼场对底栖有孔虫分布的影响
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Symons
中科院分区：
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作者：
D. Angel;S. Verghese;J. Lee;A. M. Saleh;D. Zuber;D. Lindell;A. Symons
在埃拉特湾北方端的一个商业养鱼场下面，在23米深的两个沉积物断面取样，以描述底栖有孔虫群落沿着有机富集梯度。沉积物有机质，孔隙水氨和磷酸盐的浓度反映了输入从上覆的鱼笼和一般有一个减少，这些变量与距离点源。在养鱼场下方的所有采样站都发现了玫瑰红染色有孔虫，即没有氮沉积物。在养鱼场周围的沉积物中发现了51种有孔虫（>45 μm），但大多数是稀有物种。发现的最丰富的物种（染色+未染色）（通常>有孔虫丰度的83%）是Hemprichii双抱鱼、Amphistegina lessonii、Assilina ammonoides、Borelis schlumbergeri、Bradyella、Hauerina diversa和Peneroplis planatus。其中五种有孔虫是藻类共生体。产孢种A. lessonii和A. ammonoides，占测试总数的40 - 50%。最丰富的染色种类是A. ammonoides，B. B. schlumbergeri，H. diversa和P. planatus。有孔虫丰度最高的“肥大”区，毗邻的鱼笼。最丰富的物种呈负相关的总丰度的测试和有机质在上层厘米的沉积物。最丰富的物种和综合氨浓度的总和染色测试的丰度之间也发现负相关。未发现有机富集底栖生物的明确指示物种。在样本中观察到变形的试验（主要是P. planatus），不清楚它们是否是由于与养鱼场有关的不利条件而形成的，因为这种变异也发生在未富集的地点。
Two sediment transects, at 23 m depth, were sampled below a commercial fish farm at the northern end of the Gulf of Eilat in order to describe the benthic foraminiferal community along an organic enrichment gradient. Sediment organic matter, porewater ammonia and phosphate concentrations reflected the input from the overlying fish cages and there was generally a decrease in these variables with distance from the point source. Rose-bengal stained foraminifera were found at all of the stations sampled below the fish farm, i.e. there were no azoic sediments. Fifty-one species of foraminifera (>45 μm) were found in the sediments around the fish farm but most were rare species. The most abundant (generally > 83% of the foraminifer abundance) species (stained + unstained) found were Amphisorus hemprichii, Amphistegina lessonii, Assilina ammonoides, Borelis schlumbergeri, Challengerella bradyi, Hauerina diversa, and Peneroplis planatus. Five of these foraminifera are algal symbiont bearing forms. The diatom-bearing species, A. lessonii and A. ammonoides, constituted 40 to 50% of the total number of tests. The most abundant stained species were A. ammonoides, B. schlumbergeri, H. diversa and P. planatus. Abundances of foraminifera were highest in the “hypertrophic” zone, adjacent to the fish cages. The most abundant species showed negative correlations between total abundance of tests and organic matter in the upper centimeter of the sediment. Negative correlations were also found between abundances of both total and stained tests of the most abundant species and integrated ammonia concentrations. No clear indicator species of the organically-enriched benthos were identified. Deformed tests (mainly P. planatus ) were observed in the samples and it is not clear whether they formed as a result of adverse conditions related to the fish farm because such variants also occurred at unenriched sites.