Cultural differences in children's emotional reactions to difficult situations
Cultural differences in children's emotional reactions to difficult situations
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00451
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Tamang, BL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cole, PM;Bruschi, CJ;Tamang, BL
虽然文化在成员如何评估情况、交流情绪和采取行动方面各不相同，但文化如何影响儿童的情绪反应却鲜为人知。这项研究调查了223名来自三种文化（婆罗门、塔曼和美国）的二年级、四年级和五年级儿童关于表露情感的信念。通过访谈，我们可以了解到孩子们的感受，他们是否希望别人知道自己的感受，他们为什么希望别人知道或者不希望别人知道，以及在人际关系困难的情况下他们会怎么做。研究结果揭示了三种不同的文化模式。与婆罗门和美国的孩子相比，塔曼族的孩子更倾向于用羞耻来评价困难的情况，而婆罗门和美国的孩子则赞同愤怒。然而，婆罗门的孩子比塔曼族和美国的孩子更不可能表达负面情绪。美国儿童的反应似乎比婆罗门和塔曼族儿童更注重问题和行动导向。年龄影响了儿童使用情绪集中应对的程度，并影响了Tamang和美国儿童关于表达愤怒的决定。讨论了影响儿童适当情绪行为感的文化背景特征。
Although cultures vary in terms of how their members appraise situations, communicate emotions, and act on them, little is known about how culture influences children's emotional reactions. This study examined beliefs about revealing emotion in 223 second-, fourth-, and fifth-grade children from three cultures (Brahman, Tamang, and the United States). Interviews yielded descriptions of how children would feel, whether they would want others to know their feelings, why they would or would not, and what they would do in difficult interpersonal situations. Findings revealed three distinct cultural patterns. Tamang were more likely to appraise difficult situations in terms of shame than were Brahman and U.S. children, who endorsed anger. Brahman children, however, were more likely to not communicate negative emotion than were Tamang and U.S. children. The responses of U.S. children appeared to be more problem focused and action oriented than those of Brahman and Tamang children. Age influenced the degree to which children used emotion-focused coping, and affected decisions about communicating anger in Tamang and U.S. children. Features of cultural contexts that influence children's sense of appropriate emotional behavior are discussed.