Loopholes in the Echo Chambers: How the Echo Chamber Metaphor Oversimplifies the Effects of Information Gateways on Opinion Expression
Loopholes in the Echo Chambers: How the Echo Chamber Metaphor Oversimplifies the Effects of Information Gateways on Opinion Expression
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回音室中的漏洞：回音室隐喻如何过分简化了信息网关对意见表达的影响
DOI：
10.1080/21670811.2021.1873811
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Birgit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stefan;Melanie;Jürgens;Pascal ;Birgit
社交媒体(SM)通常被认为是个性化回音室的驱动力，在这些回音室中，只有个人已经持有的想法才能产生共鸣，导致更极端的观点和更强烈的意见表达。然而，最近的理论和证据对回音室隐喻的普遍适用性提出了质疑，指出沟通对意见表达的影响比该隐喻所暗示的要复杂得多。本研究以德国难民危机为背景，对回音室隐喻的四个隐含前提进行了实证挑战。研究结果显示了一幅比隐喻所暗示的更复杂的图景：(1)忽视SM以外的其他信息来源可能会导致严重的误解；在控制新闻媒体使用后，似乎存在回音室的证据消失了。(2)短信依赖一般不会刺激意见表达。(3)态度极端对SM依赖的影响具有调节作用，表明持极端观点的人更容易受到回音室效应的影响。(4)对手头问题的态度立场调节了SM依赖的效果，这表明回音室并没有完全保护他们的使用者不受公共话语的影响。我们提出了回音室连续体(Echo Chamber Continuum，ECCO)模型，以促进回音室隐喻发展成为一种适合于研究意见形成的理论。
Social media (SM) are often regarded drivers of personalized echo chambers in which only ideas resonante that individuals already hold, leading to more extreme opinions and intensified opinion expression. However, recent theorizing and evidence has cast doubts on the universal applicability of the echo chamber metaphor, pointing out that communication effects on opinion expression are much more complex than the metaphor suggests. Using the refugee crisis in Germany as a background, the current study challenges four implicit premises of the echo chamber metaphor empirically. The findings show a more complex picture than the metaphor implies: (1) Ignoring other information sources beyond SM may lead to severe misinterpretations; seeming evidence for echo chambers disappears after controlling for news media use. (2) SM reliance does not generally stimulate opinion expression. (3) Attitude extremity moderates the effect of SM reliance, suggesting that people with more extreme views are susceptible to echo chamber effects. (4) Attitude position on the issue-at-hand moderates the effect of SM reliance, which suggests that echo chambers do not completely shield their users from the public discourse. We propose the Echo Chamber Continuum (ECCo) Model to stimulate developing the echo chamber metaphor into a theory suitable for studying opinion formation.
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影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Bright, Jonathan
通讯作者：
Bright, Jonathan
社交媒体政治参与模型：目标系统理论视角
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Johannes Knoll;Jörg Matthes;Raffael Heiss
通讯作者：
Raffael Heiss
影响因子：
7.9
作者：
Marc Ziegele;T. Breiner;Oliver Quiring
通讯作者：
Marc Ziegele;T. Breiner;Oliver Quiring
重温沉默的螺旋
DOI：
10.4324/9781315707495-7
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Eilders;Porten-Cheé
通讯作者：
Porten-Cheé
影响因子：
--
作者：
Pablo Porten-Cheé;Christiane Eilders
通讯作者：
Pablo Porten-Cheé;Christiane Eilders