Pharmacologic control of feeding.
Pharmacologic control of feeding.
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喂养的药物控制。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1977
影响因子：
12.5
通讯作者：
B. Hoebel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Hoebel
几种力量结合起来，集中研究苯乙胺。神经科学的现代研究集中在脑单胺的神经解剖学和神经化学及其在精神病、精神分裂症、神经性厌食症和食欲过盛中的作用。苯乙胺类如苯丙胺、芬氟拉明和苯丙醇胺具有与单胺类神经递质相同的基本结构，因此它们已成为研究和治疗的有用工具。苯乙胺是众所周知的，有些是臭名昭著的，用于治疗肥胖，这已成为在粮食丰富的国家普遍存在。由于安非他明在许多国家是非法的，因此人们一直在寻找其他抗肥胖药物，如芬氟拉明。安非他明主要是儿茶酚胺能的，芬氟拉明主要是血清素能的;因此，我们的工作假设是，在大脑的某个地方，儿茶酚胺和血清素神经元参与抑制进食。缺乏适当的神经递质会使进食从抑制中释放出来，从而导致肥胖。我们的工作已经导致了几个发现，包括：（0）实验性肥胖可以跟随肾上腺素能6-羟基多巴胺的耗竭;（B）肥胖也可以跟随肾上腺素能对氯苯丙氨酸的耗竭;（c）肾上腺素能耗竭导致安非他明厌食症的减少，这可能与芬氟拉明厌食症的增加相结合;（d）苯丙醇胺可能部分通过改变葡萄糖利用率来影响摄食抑制，以及（e）某些脑部位的电自我刺激和刺激逃避可用于评估抗肥胖药物的唤醒和厌食特性。这些发现为肥胖症的研究和治疗提供了新的模型。根据单胺的不同，
Several forces have combined to focus research on phenethylamines. Modern re search in neuroscience has concentrated on the neuroanatomy and neurochemistry of brain monoamines and their roles in psychosis, schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa, and hyperphagia. Phenethylamines such as amphetamine, fenfl uramine, and phenyl propanolamine have the same basic structures as the monoamine neurotransmitters; therefore they have become useful tools in research and therapy. Phenethylamines are well known-some are infamous-for the treatment of obesity which has become prevalent in food-rich nations. Because amphetamine is now illegal in many countries, other anti-obesity drugs such as fenfl uramine have been sought. Amphetamine is primarily catecholaminergic and fenfl uramine is primarily sero tonergic; therefore it was our working hypothesis that somewhere in the brain, catecholamine and serotonin neurons participate in the inhibition of feeding. Deplet ing the appropriate neurotransmitters should release feeding from inhibition and thereby lead to obesity. Our work has led to several findings including the following: (0) experimental obesity can follow adrenergic depletion with 6-hydroxydopamine; (b) obesity can also follow serotonergic depletion with parachlorophenylalanine; (c) adrenergic depletion causes a decrease in amphetamine anorexia, and this may be coupled with an increase in fenfluramine anorexia; (d) phenylpropanolamine may influence feed ing in part by altering glucose utilization, and (e) electrical self-stimulation and stimulation-escape at certain brain sites can be used to assess the arousal and anorectic properties of anti-obesity drugs. These findings provide new models for the study and treatment of obesity. There has developed a distinction between two kinds of hyperphagia �ased on monoamine