Temporal-spatial characteristics and source apportionment of PM2.5 as well as its associated chemical species in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China
Temporal-spatial characteristics and source apportionment of PM2.5 as well as its associated chemical species in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China
复制标题
中国京津冀地区PM2.5及其相关化学物种时空特征及来源解析
DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.123
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Tian, Hezhong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Jiajia;Wang, Kun;Tian, Hezhong
为探讨京津冀地区PM2. 5的时空分布特征及来源解析，于2014年1月、4月、7月和10月在北京、天津、廊坊和保定4个城市进行了PM2. 5及其主要化学成分的采样分析。结果表明，北京市滨海新区PM2.5污染严重。四个采样点的PM2. 5年均浓度范围为126-180 μ g/m3，超过95%的采样天数超过《国家环境空气质量标准》（GB 3095 -2012）规定的PM2. 5年均浓度限值上限35 μ g/m3。此外，PM2.5浓度及其主要化学物种的季节依赖性和表现出空间相似的变化特征，在BTH区域。As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sb、Se、Zn等有毒重金属含量在冬季和秋季较高。二次无机离子（SO 42-、NO3-和NH 4+）是PM2. 5的三种主要水溶性无机离子（WSIIs），其质量比在夏秋两季较高。有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC）的浓度在春、夏季低于秋、冬季。PMF模型分析结果表明，北京市PM2. 5污染以机动车排放为主，廊坊和保定市以燃煤和生物质燃烧为主，天津市以土壤和建筑扬尘为主。从BTH地区南部和东南部局部地区派生的气团反映了短距离、小范围的空中输送特征。山东、河南和河北被确定为PM2.5二次气溶胶排放的主要潜在来源地区。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
PM2.5 and its major chemical compositions were sampled and analyzed in January, April, July and October of 2014 at Beijing (BJ), Tianjin (TJ), Langfang (LF) and Baoding (BD) in order to probe the temporal and spatial characteristics as well as source apportionment of PM2.5 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. The results showed that PM2.5 pollution was severe in the BTH region. The average annual concentrations of PM2.5 at four sampling sites were in the range of 126-180 mu g/m(3), with more than 95% of sampling days exceeding 35 mu g/m(3), the limit ceiling of average annual concentration of PM2.5 regulated in the Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB3095-2012). Additionally, concentrations of PM2.5 and its major chemical species were seasonally dependent and demonstrated spatially similar variation characteristics in the BTH region. Concentration of toxic heavy metals, such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and Zn, were higher in winter and autumn. Secondary inorganic ions (SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+) were the three-major water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) of PM2.5 and their mass ratios to PM2.5 were higher in summer and autumn. The organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations were lower in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. Five factors were selected in Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model analysis, and the results showed that PM2.5 pollution was dominated by vehicle emissions in Beijing, combustion emissions including coal burning and biomass combustion in Langfang and Baoding, and soil and construction dust emissions in Tianjin, respectively. The air mass that were derived from the south and southeast local areas around BTH regions reflected the features of short-distant and small-scale air transport. Shandong, Henan, and Hebei were identified the major potential sources-areas of secondary aerosol emissions to PM2.5. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.