Students' Views on the Use of Real Patients and Simulated Patients in Undergraduate Medical Education
Students' Views on the Use of Real Patients and Simulated Patients in Undergraduate Medical Education
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DOI：
10.1097/acm.0b013e3181a814a3
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
van der Vleuten, Cees
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bokken, Lonneke;Rethans, Jan-Joost;van der Vleuten, Cees
目的了解学生对医学本科课程中真实病人互动与模拟病人互动的优缺点的看法，以评估如何最大限度地利用他们的优势和弥补他们的弱点。方法采用预先建立的访谈指南，于2007年对马斯特里赫特大学四年级和五年级医学生进行了5次焦点小组访谈。访谈被记录下来，并用定性的方法进行分析。结果总体来说，38名参与者认为真实的患者接触比SP接触更有启发性和真实性。然而，学生们发现，与真实的患者接触相比，SP接触有几个优势。例如，SP互动有助于帮助学生为真实的患者互动做好准备(特别是在沟通技能和自信方面)，有助于教授诸如妇科检查技能等“亲密”体检技能，并有助于就沟通技能提供建设性反馈。与我们预期的相反，在真实的患者互动中，暂停被认为更容易。结论无论是真实的患者互动还是SP互动，都被认为是本科医学教育不可或缺的。从学生的角度来看，每一次遭遇都有独特的优势和劣势。在确定优势和劣势的基础上，建议在本科医学教育中使用真实患者和SPS。
Purpose To determine students' views about the strengths and weaknesses of real patient interactions as opposed to simulated patient (SP) interactions in the undergraduate medical curriculum in order to evaluate how their strengths can be optimally used and weaknesses remedied.Method Five focus-group interviews were conducted among fourth- and fifth-year medical students at Maastricht University in 2007, using a preestablished interview guide. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative methods.Results In general, the 38 participants considered real patient encounters more instructive and more authentic than SP encounters. However, students identified several strengths of SP encounters compared with real patient encounters. For example, SP interactions were helpful in preparing students for real patient interactions (particularly with regard to communication skills and self-confidence), in the teaching of "intimate" physical examination skills, such as gynecological examination skills, and in giving constructive feedback on communication skills. In contrast to what we had anticipated, taking a time-out was considered easier in real patient interactions.Conclusions Both real patient interactions and SP interactions are considered indispensable to undergraduate medical education. Each encounter has unique strengths and weaknesses from the perspectives of students. On the basis of strengths and weaknesses that were identified, suggestions were made for the use of real patients and SPs in undergraduate medical education.