Insulin and the IGF system in the human placenta of normal and diabetic pregnancies
Insulin and the IGF system in the human placenta of normal and diabetic pregnancies
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01035.x
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Desoye, Gernot
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hiden, Ursula;Glitzner, Elisabeth;Desoye, Gernot
胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）系统调节胎儿和胎盘的生长和发育。在母体糖尿病中，该系统的组成部分（包括胰岛素、IGF1、IGF2 和各种 IGF 结合蛋白）在母体或胎儿循环或胎盘中失调。胎盘在胎盘表面的不同位置表达大量的胰岛素和 IGF1 受体。这使得胎儿和/或母体胰岛素、IGF1 和 IGF2 能够接触到胰岛素和 IGF1 受体。与 IGF1 受体不同，胰岛素受体的表达位点经历妊娠期变化，从妊娠初期的滋养层到足月时的内皮细胞。胰岛素和 IGF 参与受体介导的胎盘生长和运输、滋养层侵袭和胎盘血管生成的调节。生长因子及其受体的失调可能与糖尿病中观察到的胎盘和胎儿变化有关，即胎盘和胎儿生长增强、胎盘血管过度化和胎儿血浆氨基酸水平升高。
The insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system regulates fetal and placental growth and development. In maternal diabetes, components of this system including insulin, IGF1, IGF2 and various IGF-binding proteins are deregulated in the maternal or fetal circulation, or in the placenta. The placenta expresses considerable amounts of insulin and IGF1 receptors at distinct locations on both placental surfaces. This makes the insulin and the IGF1 receptor accessible to fetal and/or maternal insulin, IGF1 and IGF2. Unlike the receptor for IGF1, the insulin receptor undergoes a gestational change in expression site from the trophoblast at the beginning of pregnancy to the endothelium at term. Insulin and IGFs are implicated in the receptor-mediated regulation of placental growth and transport, trophoblast invasion and placental angiogenesis. The dysregulation of the growth factors and their receptors may be involved in placental and fetal changes observed in diabetes, i.e. enhanced placental and fetal growth, placental hypervascularization and higher levels of fetal plasma amino acids.