THE MORAL OBLIGATION TO CREATE CHILDREN WITH THE BEST CHANCE OF THE BEST LIFE
THE MORAL OBLIGATION TO CREATE CHILDREN WITH THE BEST CHANCE OF THE BEST LIFE
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8519.2008.00687.x
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kahane, Guy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Savulescu, Julian;Kahane, Guy
根据我们所说的生育益处原则（PB），决定生孩子的夫妇有一个重要的道德理由来选择一个孩子，因为他或她的遗传禀赋，可以预期享受最大的福祉。在本文的第一部分中，我们介绍了PB，解释其内容，理由和影响，并针对各种反对意见进行辩护。在第二部分中，我们论证了生育选择原则比生育自主原则等生育选择原则优越上级。在第三部分中，我们探讨了残疾与残疾的关系。我们开发了一个残疾的修正帐户，其中残疾是一种工具性的坏，是上下文和人相关的。虽然PB指示我们尽可能减少未来儿童的残疾，但它并不优待正常儿童。重要的不是未来的孩子是否符合某些生物学或统计学标准，而是可以期望他们拥有什么样的幸福水平。
According to what we call the Principle of Procreative Beneficence (PB), couples who decide to have a child have a significant moral reason to select the child who, given his or her genetic endowment, can be expected to enjoy the most well-being. In the first part of this paper, we introduce PB, explain its content, grounds, and implications, and defend it against various objections. In the second part, we argue that PB is superior to competing principles of procreative selection such as that of procreative autonomy. In the third part of the paper, we consider the relation between PB and disability. We develop a revisionary account of disability, in which disability is a species of instrumental badness that is context- and person-relative. Although PB instructs us to aim to reduce disability in future children whenever possible, it does not privilege the normal. What matters is not whether future children meet certain biological or statistical norms, but what level of well-being they can be expected to have.