Microbial soil legacies of crops under different water and nitrogen levels determine succeeding crop performance
Microbial soil legacies of crops under different water and nitrogen levels determine succeeding crop performance
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11104-022-05412-6
复制
发表时间：
2022-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Bezemer, T. Martijn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuerban, Mireadili;Cong, Wen-Feng;Bezemer, T. Martijn
背景与目的非生物和生物因素介导的土壤遗传会对后续植物产生很大影响，这种现象被称为植物-土壤反馈(PSF)。到目前为止，PSF的模式和机制在农业生态系统中仍未得到很大程度的探索，特别是对作物物种的土壤微生物遗产与管理实践如何相互作用知之甚少。方法对4种常见作物(小麦、玉米、大豆和油菜籽)进行水分(充足或干旱)和氮素(高或低)处理，以调节活体土壤。我们分析了土壤的营养特性和微生物群落组成，然后在同种和异种土壤中种植这四种作物，以检测种内和种间的PSFs。结果作物种类、氮素和水分处理对土壤细菌和真菌多样性及群落组成有不同程度的影响。小麦在同种条件土壤上的生长情况好于异种条件土壤，而玉米和大豆在异种条件土壤中的表现要好于异种条件土壤，无论水分和氮素处理。油菜的PSFs与水分和氮素处理有关。土壤细菌和真菌群落的差异性与小麦的反馈效应一致呈正相关，而与玉米、油菜籽和大豆的反馈效应呈负相关。通径分析表明，土壤非生物、细菌和真菌遗产都会影响相应作物的生长。结论我们表明，通过选择作物品种和改变管理做法，我们可以创造积极的遗产，促进后续作物的生长。因此，这项工作为利用土壤遗产提高农业生产力提供了一条新的途径。
Background and aims Soil legacies mediated by abiotic and biotic factors can greatly influence succeeding plants, a phenomenon called plant-soil feedback (PSF). To date, the patterns and mechanisms of PSF remain largely unexplored in agroecosystems, especially how soil microbial legacies of crop species and management practices interact is poorly understood. Methods We subjected four common arable crop species (wheat, maize, soybean and rapeseed) to water (sufficient or drought) and nitrogen (high or low) treatments to condition living soil. We analyzed soil nutrient properties and microbiome composition, and then grew the four crops in conspecific and heterospecific soils to examine intra- and inter-specific PSFs. Results We found that crop species, nitrogen and water treatments created differential effects on soil bacteria and fungi diversity and community composition. Wheat grew better in conspecific-conditioned soil than in heterospecific-conditioned soil, whereas maize and soybean performed better in heterospecific-conditioned soils regardless of water and nitrogen treatments. The PSFs of rapeseed depended on the water and nitrogen treatments. The dissimilarity of both soil bacterial and fungal communities showed a consistently positive correlation with the feedback effect for wheat, while it negatively correlated for maize, rapeseed and soybean. Path analysis showed that soil abiotic, bacterial and fungal legacies all impacted the corresponding crop growth. Conclusions We show that via selecting crop species and by changing management practices we can create positive legacies that can enhance the growth of the succeeding crop. Hence, this work proposed a new way to capitalize on soil legacies for enhancing agricultural productivity.