Impact of insect-resistant transgenic rice on target insect pests and non-target arthropods in China
Impact of insect-resistant transgenic rice on target insect pests and non-target arthropods in China
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7917.2006.00110.x
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Shelton, Anthony M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Mao;Zhao, Jian-Zhou;Shelton, Anthony M.
近年来，我国在转Bt基因水稻，特别是表达Bt杀虫蛋白的转基因水稻的研究和开发方面进展迅速。一些抗虫转基因水稻品系/品种已经通过了限制性和扩大的田间试验，自2002年以来，有几个已被批准在中国进行生产性试验，但直到2006年才被批准用于商业用途。大量的实验室和田间试验已经进行，以评估转基因水稻对目标鳞翅目害虫的有效性和对非目标节肢动物的潜在生态风险。目前在中国进行试验的一些转基因水稻品系对水稻主要靶标害虫二化螟、三化螟、大螟和稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果良好，优于目前中国数百万农民广泛使用的大多数杀虫剂。与非转基因水稻相比，未发现转基因水稻对非靶标节肢动物的显著负面或非预期影响。而目前用于防治水稻螟虫和叶蝉的杀虫剂大多对天敌有害，有些杀虫剂还可直接引起稻飞虱的死灰复燃。为保证转基因水稻的可持续利用，对今后转基因水稻抗虫性管理的研究进行了讨论。
Progress on the research and development of insect-resistant transgenic rice, especially expressing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), in China has been rapid in recent years. A number of insect-resistant transgenic rice lines/varieties have passed restricted and enlarged field testing, and several have been approved for productive testing since 2002 in China, although none was approved for commercial use until 2006. Extensive laboratory and field trials have been conducted for evaluation of the efficiency of transgenic rice on target lepidoteran pests and potential ecological risks on non-target arthropods. The efficacy of a number of transgenic rice lines currently tested in China was excellent for control of the major target insect pests, the rice stem borers (Chilo suppressalis, Scirpophaga incertulas, Sesamia inferens) and leaffolder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), and was better than most insecticides extensively used by millions of farmers at present in China. No significantly negative or unintended effects of transgenic rice on non-target arthropods were found compared with non-transgenic rice. In contrast, most of the cur-rent insecticides used for the control of rice stem borers and leaffolders proved harmful to natural enemies, and some insecticides may directly induce resurgence of rice planthoppers. Studies for developing a proactive insect resistance management of transgenic rice in the future are discussed to ensure the sustainable use of transgenic rice.