Quid pro Quo: A Tumor is Not Alone.
Quid pro Quo: A Tumor is Not Alone.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.molmed.2017.03.007
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
C. Sacristán;D. Tuveson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Sacristán;D. Tuveson
在研究和临床中，癌症与其宿主生物的关系的观点正在演变。逐渐地，癌症不再被视为一种单一的疾病，而是一种病理状态，包括一组更复杂的有机体生理问题；也就是说，恶性肿瘤对机体的影响就像机体的生理对肿瘤的影响一样。[49_TD$DIFF]的确，身体对肿瘤的反应可能是有益的(例如，免疫防御)和/或有害的(例如，炎症)，但即使到了那时，在上下文、组织、癌症和个人特有的反应中，这些影响可能会导致相反的结果。它是所有事件的总和，它将决定特定个人的特定疾病结果，主要受遗传和环境因素的影响。于是出现了一系列迫在眉睫的问题[50_TD$DIFF]：如果我们对特定的生理状态有更好的理解，我们是否会达到某种程度上可以预测--在某种程度上--恶性肿瘤子集的结果，或对治疗的反应？我们能洞察肿瘤和宿主之间的相互作用吗？肿瘤给了什么，宿主又给了什么(反之亦然)？此外，有哪些技术工具和进步将使我们能够解决这些问题？我们的主题是“癌症和有机体”，揭示了新的发现，并讨论了其中一些问题的分子细节。随着癌症、炎症和免疫领域的新概念和新方法的出现，该书探索了实验方法，旨在获得对肿瘤-宿主相互作用和防御的机械洞察力，旨在提供更准确地剖析肿瘤发生、进展和治疗的途径。
In research as well as in the clinic, the view of cancer in relation to its host organism is evolving. Progressively, cancer is being viewed not as a single disease, but rather as a pathological state comprising a more complex set of problems in an organism’s physiology; namely, that a malignant tumor exerts effects on the organism just as the organism’s physiology exerts effects on the tumor.[49_TD $ DIFF] Indeed, the body’s responses to the tumor may be beneficial (eg, immune defenses) and/or detrimental (eg, inflammation), but even then, in a context-, tissue-, cancer-, and individual-specific response, these effects might lead to opposite outcomes. It is the sum of all events that will determine a specific disease outcome for a given individual, principally molded by both genetic and environmental factors. A set of looming questions thus emerge [50_TD $ DIFF]: might we arrive at a point where we can predict–to a certain extent–the outcome of a subset of malignancies, or the response to a therapeutic treatment, if and when we hold a better understanding of specific physiologic [51_TD $ DIFF] states? Can we gain insight on the reciprocal interplay between the tumor and the host? What does the tumor give and what does the host give back (or vice versa)? Furthermore, what are some of the technological tools and advances that will enable us to address these queries?Our themed issue on ‘Cancer and the Organism’reveals novel findings and discusses the molecular details of some of these questions. With the advent of new concepts and methodologies in the fields of cancer, inflammation, and immunity, the collection explores experimental approaches geared towards gaining mechanistic insight into tumor–host interactions and defense, aiming to provide avenues for a more accurate dissection of oncogenesis, progression, and treatment in a ‘physiological’context.