Breakdown rates of wood in streams
Breakdown rates of wood in streams
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溪流中木材的分解率
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Meyer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bernd Spänhoff;E. Meyer
摘要对天然树枝木材在两条溪流(低地和旱地)中的崩解率进行了研究，并对现有关于溪流木材崩解率的知识进行了综述。未受污染的山地溪流中天然赤杨树枝的崩解系数k=0.0650/年，与已发表的有关天然木材基质在溪流中崩解速率的少数文献数据吻合较好。在营养丰富的沙质低地溪流中，樟子松(Pinus cervestris，k=0.0698/y)、树皮覆盖的黑杨(Alnus herinosa，k=0.0859/y)和去皮的黑杨树枝(k=0.0717/y)的崩解率表明，不同树种的崩解率不同。目前和以前对天然木材和商品木材产品(木材贴面、压舌器、冰淇淋棒)的分解数据表明，天然木材的分解速度比商品木材产品慢，部分原因是研究中使用的商品木材产品的表面积与体积比很高。衬底的表面积体积比与击穿速率之间存在着很强的关系。木材在溪流中的分解率与几个非生物因素有关，包括所使用的木材基质的物理和化学性质、溶解的营养物质和水温。总体而言，对已发表的分解率的审查强调，目前关于溪流中木材分解率的知识，特别是微生物活动的时间模式，非常有限，以前研究中的不同实验设计阻碍了一般性结论。然而，测量木材破碎率可能是一种在评估溪流生态完整性方面有实际应用前景的工具。
Abstract The breakdown rates of natural branch wood were studied in 2 streams (lowland and upland), and the current knowledge on breakdown rates of wood in streams was reviewed. The breakdown coefficient of natural alder branches, k = 0.0650/y, in an unpolluted upland stream corresponded well to the few published data on breakdown rates of natural wood substrates in streams. Breakdown rates of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris, k = 0.0698/y), bark-covered black alder (Alnus glutinosa, k = 0.0859/y), and debarked black alder branches (k = 0.0717/y) in a nutrient-rich sandy lowland stream indicated that breakdown rates differ among tree species. Data from the present and previous studies on the breakdown of natural wood and commercial wood products (wood veneer, tongue depressors, ice-cream sticks) showed that breakdown is slower for natural wood than for commercial wood products, in part because the commercial wood products used in the studies had high surface to volume ratios. A strong relationship exists between surface to volume ratio of the substrate and breakdown rates. The breakdown rates of wood in streams were associated with several abiotic factors, including the physical and chemical properties of the wood substrates used, dissolved nutrients, and water temperature. Overall, the review of published breakdown rates emphasized that the current knowledge on the breakdown rates of wood in streams, especially the temporal patterns of microbial activities, is very limited, and heterogeneous experimental designs in previous studies prevent general conclusions. Nevertheless, measuring wood breakdown rates could be a promising tool for practical application in assessment of the ecological integrity of streams.