Interspecific competition, N use and interference with weeds in pea-barley intercropping
Interspecific competition, N use and interference with weeds in pea-barley intercropping
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-4290(01)00126-5
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发表时间：
2001-04-20
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Jensen, ES
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hauggaard-Nielsen, H;Ambus, P;Jensen, ES
豌豆（Pisum sativum L.）和春大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）间作和单作，比较作物多样性对生产力和利用氮源的土壤杂草压力高。利用15氮富集技术研究了豌豆-大麦-杂草-氮素动态。豌豆-大麦间作的产量为4.6吨/公顷，显著高于豌豆和大麦单作的产量。土地当量比的计算表明，植物生长因子的利用效率从25%至38%，间作比单一作物。大麦单作植株地上部分积累了65 kg土壤N ha（-1），与豌豆-大麦间作的73 kg土壤N ha（-1）相似，显著高于豌豆单作的15 kg土壤N ha（-1）。在豌豆单一作物的生长季节，杂草在地上植物部分积累了57 kg土壤N ha（-1）。间作大麦积累了71公斤氮公顷（-1）。豌豆依赖于N-2固定，地上部N积累的90-95%来自N-2固定，与种植制度无关。豌豆与大麦间作比单作对杂草具有更强的竞争能力，因此土壤无机氮被用于大麦籽粒生产而不是杂草生物量。没有迹象表明豌豆后更大的无机氮含量相比，大麦或豌豆大麦。然而，出苗后46天，豌豆单作比其他两种作物多出约30 kg N ha（-1）无机氮。在早期生长阶段的无机氮水平，这样更大的假设，以诱导侵略性杂草种群和种间竞争。豌豆-大麦间作似乎是一个有前途的做法，蛋白质生产的种植制度，杂草压力高，有效氮水平低。(C)2001 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were intercropped and sole cropped to compare the effects of crop diversity on productivity and use of N sources on a soil with a high weed pressure. N-15 enrichment techniques were used to determine the pea-barley-weed-N dynamics. The pea-barley intercrop yielded 4.6 t grain ha(-1), which was significantly greater than the yields of pea and barley in sole cropping. Calculation of land equivalent ratios showed that plant growth factors were used from 25 to 38% more efficiently by the intercrop than by the sole crops. Barley sole crops accumulated 65 kg soil N ha(-1) in aboveground plant parts, which was similar to 73 kg soil N ha(-1) in the pea-barley intercrop and significantly greater than 15 kg soil N ha(-1) in the pea sole crop. The weeds accumulated 57 kg soil N ha(-1) in aboveground plant parts during the growing season in the pea sole crops. Intercropped barley accumulated 71 kg N ha(-1). Pea relied on N-2 fixation with 90-95% of aboveground N accumulation derived from N-2 fixation independent of cropping system. Pea grown in intercrop with barley instead of sole crop had greater competitive ability towards weeds and soil inorganic N was consequently used for barley grain production instead of weed biomass. There was no indication of a greater inorganic N content after pea compared to barley or pea-barley. However, 46 days after emergence there was about 30 kg N ha(-1) inorganic N more under the pea sole crop than under the other two crops. Such greater inorganic N levels during early growth phases was assumed to induce aggressive weed populations and interspecific competition. Pea-barley intercropping seems to be a promising practice of protein production in cropping systems with high weed pressures and low levels of available N. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.