Transport of bound quasiparticle states in a two-dimensional boundary superfluid.
Transport of bound quasiparticle states in a two-dimensional boundary superfluid.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-023-42520-y
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发表时间：
2023-11-02
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Zmeev, Dmitry E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Autti, Samuli;Haley, Richard P;Jennings, Asher;Pickett, George R;Poole, Malcolm;Schanen, Roch;Soldatov, Arkady A;Tsepelin, Viktor;Vonka, Jakub;Zavjalov, Vladislav V;Zmeev, Dmitry E
超流体 3He 的 B 相可以冷却到纯超流体状态，其中热准粒子密度可以忽略不计。本体超流体被容器边界处的量子阱包围，限制了能量低于本体超流体的准粒子海。我们可以在量子阱内创建这些状态的非平衡分布，并间接观察它们运动的动力学。在这里，我们证明了感应准粒子电流在二维系统中扩散流动。将此与能量守恒的直接测量相结合，我们得出结论，大块超流体 3He 有效地被独立的二维超流体包围，该超流体与大块超流体隔离，但很容易与机械探针相互作用。我们的工作表明，这种二维量子凝聚体和表面束缚态的动力学可以通过实验获得，从而开启了工程任意拓扑的二维量子凝聚体的可能性。超流体 3He 似乎由两个独立的超流体子系统组成。在这里，作者讨论了二维边界超流体中准粒子的扩散。
The B phase of superfluid 3He can be cooled into the pure superfluid regime, where the thermal quasiparticle density is negligible. The bulk superfluid is surrounded by a quantum well at the boundaries of the container, confining a sea of quasiparticles with energies below that of those in the bulk. We can create a non-equilibrium distribution of these states within the quantum well and observe the dynamics of their motion indirectly. Here we show that the induced quasiparticle currents flow diffusively in the two-dimensional system. Combining this with a direct measurement of energy conservation, we conclude that the bulk superfluid 3He is effectively surrounded by an independent two-dimensional superfluid, which is isolated from the bulk superfluid but which readily interacts with mechanical probes. Our work shows that this two-dimensional quantum condensate and the dynamics of the surface bound states are experimentally accessible, opening the possibility of engineering two-dimensional quantum condensates of arbitrary topology. Superfluid 3He appears to be composed of two independent superfluid subsystems. Here the authors discuss diffusion of quasiparticles in the two-dimensional boundary superfluid.