New Neuroscience Tools That Are Identifying the Sleep-Wake Circuit.
New Neuroscience Tools That Are Identifying the Sleep-Wake Circuit.
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/zsx032
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
P. Shiromani;J. Peever
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Shiromani;J. Peever
大脑的复杂性正在屈服于技术。在睡眠神经生物学领域，传统的神经科学工具，如损伤、细胞记录、c-Fos和轴突追踪方法，已经在识别复杂和混合的促进睡眠和觉醒的神经元群体方面发挥了重要作用，这些神经元协调和产生觉醒、NREM和REM睡眠。在过去的十年里，光遗传学、化学遗传学和CRISPR-CAS系统等新技术已经开始改变生物学家理解与睡眠-觉醒调节相关的更精细细节的方式。神经科学工具包中的这些新功能有助于确定离散的脑细胞群体如何发挥作用，触发和塑造进入和退出不同睡眠-觉醒状态的时间和转换，以及神经胶质如何与神经元合作来调节睡眠。在这里，我们详细介绍了一些最新的技术是如何被应用到理解睡眠和醒来背后的神经回路的。
The complexity of the brain is yielding to technology. In the area of sleep neurobiology, conventional neuroscience tools such as lesions, cell recordings, c-Fos, and axon-tracing methodologies have been instrumental in identifying the complex and intermingled populations of sleep- and arousal-promoting neurons that orchestrate and generate wakefulness, NREM, and REM sleep. In the last decade, new technologies such as optogenetics, chemogenetics, and the CRISPR-Cas system have begun to transform how biologists understand the finer details associated with sleep-wake regulation. These additions to the neuroscience toolkit are helping to identify how discrete populations of brain cells function to trigger and shape the timing and transition into and out of different sleep-wake states, and how glia partner with neurons to regulate sleep. Here, we detail how some of the newest technologies are being applied to understand the neural circuits underlying sleep and wake.