THE EFFECTS OF VIEWING DISTANCE ON FEAR OF SNAKES
THE EFFECTS OF VIEWING DISTANCE ON FEAR OF SNAKES
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DOI：
10.1016/0005-7916(82)90002-7
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
FROST, RO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
TEGHTSOONIAN, R;FROST, RO
恐惧症受试者对在2.5-15.0英尺的距离观看蛇时感受到的恐惧强度进行了程度估计。在S观看的每20个时段内，测量心率、皮肤电导和呼吸。一组非恐惧症受试者在相同的测试距离下对空的有机玻璃蛇形盒子的感知距离进行了程度估计。被判断的恐惧与距离成反比。恐惧-距离关系服从史蒂文斯的心理物理幂定律，其指数为-1.0。对报告这一发现的先前研究的检查发现，系统地偏离了一种权力关系，在形式上类似于感知到的接近控制组的结果，以及当做出恐惧的类别判断而不是规模估计时的预期结果。生理指标的结果各不相同。呼吸测量显示没有可靠的效果。但随着观看距离的增加，恐惧症患者的心率和皮肤电导率显著下降。
Phobic subjects made magnitude estimations of the intensity of fear felt when viewing a snake at distances of 2.5-15.0 ft. Heart rate, skin conductance and respiration were measured throughout each 20 s viewing period. A control group of nonphobic subjects made magnitude estimates of perceived nearness for the empty Plexiglas snake box at the same test distances. Judged fear was inversely proportional to distance. The fear-distance relation obeys Stevens'' psychophysical power law with an exponent of -1.0. Examination of previous studies reporting such a finding revealed systematic departures from a power relation similar in form to the results of the perceived nearness control group and to the expected outcome when category judgements of fear are made instead of magnitude estimates. The physiological measures varied in outcome. Measures of respiration showed no reliable effects. But heart rate and skin conductance decreased significantly for phobics as viewing distance increased.