Astrocytes in Addictive Disorders.
Astrocytes in Addictive Disorders.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-77375-5_10
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发表时间：
2021
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星形胶质细胞是突触功能的关键调节器，在稳态离子缓冲、能量动力学、递质摄取、神经递质库的维持以及通过释放神经活性化学物质调节突触可塑性中发挥核心作用。由于星形胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞表达的各种神经递质受体具有无数重要的稳态和信号传导功能，因此它们可作为药物暴露后建立适应不良突触可塑性的主要细胞候选者。对星形胶质细胞和成瘾的初步研究已经将药物介导的谷氨酸稳态调节的破坏作为复发脆弱性的中心方面。然而，研究和操纵星形胶质细胞的复杂工具的产生已经证明，成瘾物质，星形胶质细胞和复发相关的突触可塑性之间的相互作用远远超出了谷氨酸的稳态调节。在这里，我们提出了药物暴露影响的星形胶质细胞系统，并讨论了星形胶质细胞生物学的变化如何有助于成瘾生物学。
Astroglia are key regulators of synaptic function, playing central roles in homeostatic ion buffering, energy dynamics, transmitter uptake, maintenance of neurotransmitter pools, and regulation of synaptic plasticity through release of neuroactive chemicals. Given the myriad of crucial homeostatic and signaling functions attributed to astrocytes and the variety of neurotransmitter receptors expressed by astroglia, they serve as prime cellular candidates for establishing maladaptive synaptic plasticity following drug exposure. Initial studies on astroglia and addiction have placed drug-mediated disruptions in the homeostatic regulation of glutamate as a central aspect of relapse vulnerability. However, the generation of sophisticated tools to study and manipulate astroglia have proven that the interaction between addictive substances, astroglia, and relapse-relevant synaptic plasticity extends far beyond the homeostatic regulation of glutamate. Here we present astroglial systems impacted by drug exposure and discuss how changes in astroglial biology contribute to addiction biology.