Philanthropy or solidarity? Ethical dilemmas about humanitarianism in crisis-afflicted Greece
Philanthropy or solidarity? Ethical dilemmas about humanitarianism in crisis-afflicted Greece
复制标题
慈善还是团结？
DOI：
10.1111/1469-8676.12304
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Theodossopoulos D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Theodossopoulos D
卡尔·马克思、奥斯卡·王尔德和斯拉沃伊·齐泽克等思想家都认同慈善事业使不平等的条件长期存在的观点。我在当地对话中记录了同一论点的不同版本，这些对话涉及紧缩的希腊日益增长的人道主义担忧。我在这里从人种学的角度探讨了当地对人道主义有效性的批评，凸显了团结倡议的“人道主义面貌”所产生的两种并行可能性：首先，它们的赋权潜力（团结倡议增强了当地的社会意识），其次，危机的非政治化（一种责任，源于人道主义主义在暂时改善危机表面后果方面的有效性）。我认为这两种可能性同时存在且相互关联，可以帮助我们理解紧缩时期人道主义团结的复杂性和社会嵌入性。
That philanthropy perpetuates the conditions that cause inequality is an old argument shared by thinkers such as Karl Marx, Oscar Wilde and Slavoj Žižek. I recorded variations of the same argument in local conversations regarding growing humanitarian concern in austerity‐ridden Greece. Local critiques of the efficacy of humanitarianism, which I explore here ethnographically, bring to the fore two parallel possibilities engendered by the ‘humanitarian face’ of solidarity initiatives: first, their empowering potential (where solidarity initiatives enhance local social awareness), and second, the de‐politicisation of the crisis (a liability that stems from the effectiveness of humanitarianism in ameliorating only temporarily the superficial consequences of the crisis). These two possibilities – which I treat as simultaneous and interrelated – can help us appreciate the complexity and social embeddedness of humanitarian solidarity in times of austerity.