Trust and Reputation in Markets
Trust and Reputation in Markets
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市场的信任和声誉
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Przepiorka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Diekmann;W. Przepiorka
经济交易受到信任问题的影响，而信任问题可以通过长期的商业关系、制度规定或声誉激励来解决。在本章中，我们首先讨论信任问题及其解决方法。然后，我们讨论了声誉机制在历史和当代社会的市场中的作用。虽然在当代社会中，类似的机制与历史社会中的机制一样，但可用于传播声誉信息的技术已经发生了变化。这一点在网上市场尤其明显，电子评级系统已成为网上市场的一个基本要素。在本章的第三部分中，我们重点讨论了在线市场声誉的发展、形式和后果。如果声誉信息可信，则会促进市场合作。这就要求简单的欺骗手段是不可用的。本章的最后，我们将讨论声誉系统的负面影响。
Economic transactions are subject to trust problems, which can be solved by means of long-term business relations, by institutional regulations or by reputational incentives. In this chapter, we first deal with the trust problem and the various ways of its solution. We then discuss the functioning of the reputation mechanism in markets in historical and contemporary societies. Although similar mechanisms are at work in contemporary societies as in historical societies, the technologies available to communicate information about reputation have changed. This is particularly evident in online markets, in which electronic rating systems have become an essential element. In the third part of this chapter, we focus on the development, forms and consequences of reputation in online markets. Reputation information promotes cooperation in markets if it is credible. This requires that simple means of deception are unavailable. We conclude this chapter by dealing with the down side of reputation systems.