Chromospheric activity and evolutionary age of the Sun and four solar twins
Chromospheric activity and evolutionary age of the Sun and four solar twins
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太阳和四个太阳双胞胎的色层活动和进化年龄
DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/201527542
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mexico.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Mittag;Klaus;A. Hempelmann;J. N. Gonz'alez;J. W. H. Sternwarte;U. Hamburg;Gojenbergsweg 112;21029 Hamburg;H Germany;D. D. Astronomia;U. Guanajuato;Mexico.
测量了太阳双星候选者HD 101364和HD 197027的活动水平，并与太阳、已知的太阳双星18 Sco和类太阳星星51 Peg进行了比较。此外，这五个对象的绝对年龄估计从他们的位置在HR图和进化（相对）年龄与他们的活动水平相比。为了表示这些恒星的活动水平，使用了威尔逊山S指数。为了获得主序一致的年龄和演化进展，我们使用了剑桥恒星演化代码计算的演化轨迹。根据我们对HD 101364和HD 197027的光谱观测和建立的定标程序，确定了各自的威尔逊山S指数。我们发现，这两颗恒星的色球活动与目前的太阳和18 Sco的活动水平相当，至少在考虑的时期。此外，HD 101364，HD 197027，51 Peg和18 Sco的绝对年龄分别为7.2，7.1，6.1和5.1 Gyr。除了51 Peg的金属丰度明显高于太阳，质量也比太阳高出10%，现在的太阳和它的双胞胎在活动水平上相对较好，尽管其他双胞胎的年龄有点大。尽管51 Peg的年龄也是6.1 Gyr，但这颗星星的活跃程度明显较低。只有当我们在相对年龄尺度上进行比较时（51 Peg的绝对年龄比太阳短20%），并使用高于现在的长期S$_{\rm{MWO}}$平均值0.18的太阳，S指数才显示出与进化（相对）年龄的良好相关性。这表明，在寻找一个适当相似的太阳双星时，相对主序星年龄对于获得可比的活动水平很重要。
The activity levels of the solar-twin candidates HD 101364 and HD 197027 are measured and compared with the Sun, the known solar twin 18 Sco, and the solar-like star 51 Peg. Furthermore, the absolute ages of these five objects are estimated from their positions in the HR diagram and the evolutionary (relative) age compared with their activity levels. To represent the activity level of these stars, the Mount Wilson S-indices were used. To obtain consistent ages and evolutionary advance on the main sequence, we used evolutionary tracks calculated with the Cambridge Stellar Evolution Code. From our spectroscopic observations of HD 101364 and HD 197027 and based on the established calibration procedures, the respective Mount Wilson S-indices are determined. We find that the chromospheric activity of both stars is comparable with the present activity level of the Sun and that of 18 Sco, at least for the period in consideration. Furthermore, the absolute age of HD 101364, HD 197027, 51 Peg, and 18 Sco are found to be 7.2, 7.1, 6.1, and 5.1 Gyr, respectively. With the exception of 51 Peg, which has a significantly higher metallicity and a mass higher by about 10% than the Sun, the present Sun and its twins compare relatively well in their activity levels, even though the other twins are somewhat older. Even though 51 Peg has a similar age of 6.1 Gyr, this star is significantly less active. Only when we compare it on a relative age scale (which is about 20% shorter for 51 Peg than for the Sun in absolute terms) and use the higher-than-present long-term S$_{\rm{MWO}}$ average of 0.18 for the Sun, does the S-index show a good correlation with evolutionary (relative) age. This shows that in the search for a suitably similar solar twin, the relative main-sequence age matters for obtaining a comparable activity level.