Estrogenicity patterns in the Swiss midland river Lützelmurg in relation to treated domestic sewage effluent discharges and hydrology
Estrogenicity patterns in the Swiss midland river Lützelmurg in relation to treated domestic sewage effluent discharges and hydrology
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瑞士中部吕策尔穆格河的雌激素模式与处理后的生活污水排放和水文学有关
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
P. Burkhardt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Vermeirssen;M. Suter;P. Burkhardt
污水处理厂向河流中排放含有雌激素的污水，导致河水的雌激素性变化。在这里，我们的特点是如何因素的污水和水文影响河水的雌激素活性。我们选择了一条河流，良好的水文数据，并收集了水样的上游和下游污水处理厂排放，以及采样的污水。采样发生在四个12天的时期，与季节有关，总是发生在早上。我们还调查了雌激素沿着河流，无论是通过抓取采样和被动采样。通过重组酵母试验（YES）分析雌激素;样品的雌激素活性等同于YES的17β-雌二醇标准品（ng/L）。STW上游的雌激素活性大多接近YES的检测限（最大值，0.4 ng/L）。流出物的雌激素活性范围在0.2和7.7纳克/升之间;较低的雌激素活性与较高的水力停留时间相关。在STW下游，25%的天数雌激素活性超过1 ng/L（最大值为2.1 ng/L）。实测河水雌激素活性与基于流出物雌激素活性和流出物稀释因子预测的雌激素活性呈显著正相关。抓斗样品采取沿着表明，没有显着的雌激素来源的上游从STW;下游从STW，雌激素的模式是高度可变的。然而，被动采样表明，从污水处理厂下游河水的雌激素活性不断下降，从污水处理厂，这在很大程度上是由稀释的距离。
Sewage treatment works (STW) discharge estrogenic effluent into rivers, which leads to variable estrogenicity of river water. Here, we characterize how the factors effluent and hydrology influence the estrogenicity of river water. We selected a river for which good hydrological data are available and collected water samples upstream and downstream from a STW discharge; effluent was sampled as well. Sampling took place during four 12‐d periods, associated with the seasons, and always occurred in the morning. We also investigated the estrogenicity along the river, both by grab sampling and by passive sampling. Estrogens were analyzed by a recombinant yeast assay (YES); the estrogenicity of a sample was equated to the 17β‐estradiol standard of the YES (ng/L). Estrogenicity upstream from the STW was mostly close to the detection limit of the YES (maximum, 0.4 ng/L). Estrogenicity of effluent ranged between 0.2 and 7.7 ng/L; lower estrogenicity was associated with higher hydraulic retention times. Downstream from the STW, estrogenicity exceeded 1 ng/L on 25% of the days (maximum, 2.1 ng/L). Measured river water estrogenicity correlated positively and significantly with predicted estrogenicity based on effluent estrogenicity and effluent dilution factor. Grab samples taken along the river indicate that no significant sources of estrogens were upstream from the STW; downstream from the STW, the pattern of estrogenicity was highly variable. However, passive sampling showed that the estrogenicity of river water downstream from the STW decreased continuously with increasing distance from the STW, which is largely explained by dilution.