Optimizing Direct Membrane and Direct Skin Feeding Assays for Plasmodium falciparum Transmission-Blocking Vaccine Trials in Bancoumana, Mali
Optimizing Direct Membrane and Direct Skin Feeding Assays for Plasmodium falciparum Transmission-Blocking Vaccine Trials in Bancoumana, Mali
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.16-1000
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Duffy, Patrick E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coulibaly, Mamadou B.;Gabriel, Erin E.;Duffy, Patrick E.
自2013年以来，疟疾传播阻断疫苗（TBV）已在马里的田间试验中进行了评估。然而，目前用于测量疫苗接种后血清抗体TB活性（TBA）的测定是高度可变的，部分原因是缺乏对蚊子以配子血为食的田间测定的优化和标准化。在此，我们报告了一项在马里的Bemmana村进行的研究，在该研究中，我们确定并优化了直接皮肤喂养（DSFs）和直接膜喂养试验（DMFA）中有助于成功蚊子喂养结果的参数。这些参数包括：1）蚊子年龄，2）喂食前蚊子饥饿的持续时间，3）DMFA的膜选择，4）DSF喂食的解剖位置（手臂、小腿和脚踝），和5）DSF的一天中的时间（黎明或黄昏）。我们发现，较年轻的蚊子与较高的进食率、存活率和感染率显著相关。较长的饥饿时间与较高的感染率呈正相关，但不显着，但与喂养和生存呈负相关。膜的类型和身体的位置没有影响感染的结果显着。虽然黄昏被发现与较高的感染率，这可能是混淆的时间从阳性血涂片。基于这些发现，我们对不同检测类型的最佳饲养参数提出了具体建议，以最大限度地提高以标准化方式检测寄生虫传播的机会。
Malaria transmission-blocking vaccines (TBV) have been evaluated in field trials in Mali since 2013. However, the assays currently used to measure serum antibody TB activity (TBA) after vaccination are highly variable, in part due to the lack of optimization and standardization for field assays in which mosquitoes feed on gametocytemic blood. Herein, we report a study conducted in Bancoumana village, Mali, where we identify and optimize the parameters that contribute to successful mosquito feeding outcomes in both direct skin feeds (DSFs) and direct membrane feeding assays (DMFA). These parameters include: 1) mosquito age, 2) duration of mosquito starvation prior to feeding, 3) membrane selection for DMFA, 4) anatomical location of DSF feeding (arm, calf, and ankle), and 5) time of day for DSF (dawn or dusk). We found that younger mosquitoes were significantly associated with higher feeding, survival, and infection rates. Longer starvation times were positively, but not significantly, associated with higher infection rates, but were negatively associated with feeding and survival. Membrane type and body location did not affect infection outcome significantly. Although dusk was found to be associated with higher infection rates, this may be confounded by the time from positive blood smear. Based on these findings, we make specific recommendations for optimal feeding parameters in the different assay types to maximize the chance of detecting parasite transmission in a standardized manner.