Working with schizophrenia: Experts' views on barriers and pathways to employment and job retention
Working with schizophrenia: Experts' views on barriers and pathways to employment and job retention
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治疗精神分裂症：专家对就业和保留工作的障碍和途径的看法
DOI：
10.3233/jvr-140696
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
S. Bevan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tyna K Taskila;Karen Steadman;J. Gulliford;Rosemary Thomas;R. Elston;S. Bevan
背景：精神分裂症患者的失业率仍然居高不下，尽管多年来在职业康复服务和对精神健康障碍患者的态度方面略有改善。对于为什么这一群体在就业方面仍然面临如此巨大的障碍，专家们处于有利的地位，可以加深我们的理解。目的：访谈探讨专家对精神分裂症和就业的看法，特别关注个体、态度和结构性障碍，以及可用的干预措施及其结果。方法：采用理论抽样法，对20名专家进行问卷调查。专家包括：就业专家、医疗保健专业人员、患者组织的积极分子、学者、照顾者和雇主。采用专题方法进行分析。结果：对医护人员的期望较低，通常表现为对精神分裂症患者就业的认同度很低，以及“福利陷阱”，这被认为是就业的最大障碍。此外，IPS模式被确定为支持人们工作的最有效的模式，但专家们提出了在全国范围内实施该模式缺乏资金和实施不力的担忧。结论：需要更多的研究来检验职业干预需要哪些适应才能成功实施。
BACKGROUND: Unemployment among people with schizophrenia remains high despite slight improvements in vocational rehabilitation services and attitudes towards people with mental health disorders over the years. Experts are in a good position to increase our understanding on why this group still experiences such significant barriers to employment. OBJECTIVE: Interviews explored experts’ views on schizophrenia and employment; with a particular focus on individual, attitudinal and structural barriers, as well as available interventions and their outcomes. METHODS:The sample of 20 experts were recruited using theoretical sampling. The experts consisted of: employment specialists, healthcare professionals, activists from patient organisations, academics, caregivers and employers. A thematic approach was used for analysis. RESULTS: Low expectations of healthcare professionals which were often manifested as minimal recognition of employment as an outcome for people with schizophrenia as well as a “benefits trap” were identified as the strongest barriers to employment. In addition, the IPS model was identified as the most effective to support people to work, but lack of funding to implement the model nationally and concerns of poor implementation were raised by the experts. CONCLUSIONS: More research is required to examine which adaptations are needed for vocational interventions in order to implement them successfully.
影响因子：
17.7
作者：
Rosenheck, R;Leslie, D;Lieberman, J
通讯作者：
Lieberman, J