Word Goodness and Word Frequency in Homophone Pairs
Word Goodness and Word Frequency in Homophone Pairs
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同音词对中的词性和词频
DOI：
10.2466/pr0.1960.7.3.470
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发表时间：
1960
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Ronald C. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Frincke;Ronald C. Johnson
最近的研究表明，根据桑代克-洛格单词计数法，在书面英语中出现频率高的单词比不常见的单词更有可能被学生评为“好”。这一发现提出了一个问题，即为什么存在这种良度-频率关系。一个简单的解释可能涉及到频率较低而非频率较低的单词的容易释放。频繁词通常也是短词(5)，音节相对较少。频繁出现的短单词比不频繁出现的长单词更容易发音。频繁使用的单词更容易被使用，这可能是它们被评为更好的原因。本文的目的是确定当可发音性保持不变时，良度和频率之间的关系是否仍然存在。我们从唇读手册（2,3）中获得了108对已知thorndike - lge频率的同音异义词（例如，teamem; straight-strait）。这些同音字对按随机顺序提交给29个Ss，对内的顺序也随机确定。学生被要求“圈出每对单词中音调最好听的单词”。在108对单词中，有68对出现频率越高的单词被选为“音调越悦耳”。符号检验表明，这种对同音字对的频繁成员的偏好是显著的（P < 0.01）。在总共3132个可能的选项中，s省略了14个，选择频率高的单词为1836次，选择频率低的单词为1276次。二项展开的正态曲线近似值显示，这种对频繁词的偏好非常显著（P < 0.00001）。即使控制了发音的难度，频繁使用的词汇也会被认为语气更愉快。先前得到的良度和频率之间的关系似乎并不能归因于频繁词更容易产生。
Recent research (1) has shown that words which appear frequently in written English, as measured by Thorndike-Lorge ( 4 ) word counts, are more likely to be rated as "good" by Ss than are infrequent words. This finding raises a question as to why this goodness-frequency relation exists. A simple explanation might involve the ease of emission of frequenr as opposed to infrequent words. Frequent words are also generally short words ( 5 ) , with relatively few syllables. The frequent, short, word is easier to say than an infrequent, long, word. The greater ease of emission of frequent words may account fo r their greater rated goodness. The purpose of this pape r is to determine whether the relation between goodness and frequency persists when pronounciability is held constant. W e obtained from lip-reading manuals (2, 3) 108 pairs of homophones (e.g., teamteem; straight-strait) of known Thorndike-Lorge frequencies. These homophone pairs were presented to 29 Ss in random order with order within pairs also determined randomly. Ss were told to "encircle the most pleasantly toned word of each pair." In 68 of the 108 pairs the more frequent word in the pair was chosen more often as "the more pleasantly toned." A sign test indicates this preference for the frequent members of homophone pairs to be significant (P < .01). Of a total of 3,132 possible choices, Ss omitted 14, chose the more frequent words as more pleasant 1,836 times, and chose the less frequent as more pleasant 1,276 times. A normal curve approximation of the binomial expansion shows this preference for frequenr words to be highly significant ( P < .00001). Even with ease of emission controlled, frequent words are judged to be more pleasantly toned. The previously obtained relation between goodness and frequency does not seem attributable to the greater ease of emission of frequent words.