Evaluation of environmental and economic implications of a cold‐weather aquaponic food production system using life cycle assessment and economic analysis
Evaluation of environmental and economic implications of a cold‐weather aquaponic food production system using life cycle assessment and economic analysis
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使用生命周期评估和经济分析评估寒冷天气鱼菜共生食品生产系统的环境和经济影响
DOI：
10.1111/jiec.13230
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Hicks, Andrea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ghamkhar, Ramin;Hartleb, Christopher;Rabas, Zack;Hicks, Andrea
鱼菜共生，其中鱼类和植物在共生闭环工业代谢中生长，是在商业规模的食品生产中实施工业生态学的有希望的试验台。这些系统有潜力通过减少自然生态系统的总体负担（即减少每单位生产的粮食对资源和排放的影响）来提高水产养殖系统的环境和经济绩效。为了全面评估鱼菜共生的环境和经济影响，特别是在寒冷气候下，对美国中西部鱼菜共生系统进行了生命周期评估（LCA）和经济分析（EA），使用了不同鱼类产量的 3 年年度运行周期的数据；罗非鱼、传统白眼鱼和杂交白眼鱼。对于 LCA，环境影响使用 10 个中点指标进行量化。评估表明，使用所研究的系统，每生产 1 公斤活体罗非鱼、传统白眼鱼和杂交白眼鱼，就会产生 20.2-13.8-11.7 千克二氧化碳当量、23.0-7.8-3.9 克氮当量和 0.2-0.3-0.4 千克二氧化硫当量。对环境影响最敏感的参数是热量、水产饲料、电力和基础设施（在所有情况下）。对于 EA，分析了生产周期的效益成本比 (BCR) 和其他三个广泛使用的指数。罗非鱼、传统白眼鱼和混合白眼鱼的 BCR 分别为 0.47、1.16 和 1.75（使用 10% 贴现率和 20 年期限），凸显了优化现金流入（例如能源成本）和流出（植物和鱼类收入）以实际提高投资回报的必要性。主要成本来源是基础设施、劳动力和供暖（占所有周期总成本的 89% 以上）。有效改善所研究的鱼菜共生系统的环境和经济有利性的建议步骤包括通过（a）应用有效的加热策略（例如先进的隔热技术）和（b）延长系统的运行寿命（例如防止废物堆积）来优化热量和基础设施。
Aquaponics, in which fish and plants are grown in a symbiotic closed‐loop industrial metabolism, are promising test beds to implement industrial ecology in food production at a commercial scale. These systems have the potential to enhance the environmental and economic performance of aquaculture systems by reducing the overall burden on natural ecosystems (i.e., reducing resource and emission‐based impacts per unit of food produced). To holistically evaluate the environmental and economic implications of aquaponics, specifically in a cold‐weather climate, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Economic Analysis (EA) were performed on a Midwestern United States aquaponic system, using data from 3 years of annual operation cycles with varying fish species production; tilapia, conventional walleye, and hybrid walleye. For the LCA, environmental impacts were quantified using 10 midpoint indicators. Assessments indicated that 1‐kg production of live‐weight tilapia, conventional walleye, and hybrid walleye resulted in 20.2‐13.8‐11.7 kg CO2‐eq, 23.0‐7.8‐3.9 g N‐eq, and 0.2‐0.3‐0.4 kg SO2‐eq, consecutively, using the investigated system. The most sensitive parameters for environmental impacts were heat, aquafeed, electricity, and infrastructure (in all scenarios). For EA, benefit to cost ratios (BCRs) and three other widely used indices were analyzed for production cycles. The BCRs were 0.47, 1.16, and 1.75 for tilapia, conventional walleye, and hybrid walleye, respectively (using a 10% discount rate and a 20‐year horizon), highlighting the necessity of optimizing both cash inflows (e.g., energy costs) and outflows (plant and fish revenues) to achieve practical enhancement of return on investments. The major cost contributors were infrastructure, labor, and heat (contributing to >89% of total costs for all cycles). Suggested steps for in‐effect improvement of the investigated aquaponic system's environmental and economic favorability include heat and infrastructure optimization by (a) applying effective heating strategies (e.g., advanced insulation techniques), and (b) expanding the system's operational lifespan (e.g., prevention of waste accumulation).
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10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105262
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2021-05
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Resources, conservation, and recycling
影响因子：
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商业鱼菜共生：前面的路还很长
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Aquaponics Food Production Systems
影响因子：
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1997
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