Psychological treatments for eating disorders.
Psychological treatments for eating disorders.
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DOI：
10.1097/yco.0b013e328365a30e
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发表时间：
2013-11
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Wilfley DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kass AE;Kolko RP;Wilfley DE
本文综述了进食障碍心理治疗的最新证据。EDS是严重的精神疾病，需要循证干预。已经在每个ED诊断和跨诊断中对治疗进行了评估。对于患有神经性厌食症的成年人，没有一种专家治疗被证明是更好的。认知行为疗法(CBT)和人际心理疗法(IPT)仍然是治疗神经性贪食症和暴饮暴食障碍最成熟的疗法，分步护理方法显示出希望，新的行为疗法正在研究中。经诊断增强的CBT改善了成年人和年轻人的症状。Maudsley基于家庭的疗法是治疗青少年神经性厌食症最成熟的治疗方法，对青少年神经性暴食症可能有效。预防超重的IPT对于减少超重青少年的饮食失控和体重增加可能是有效的。在治疗方面取得了重大进展，包括对长期结果的评估，新的方法，以及针对特定患者群体的量身定做的推广。然而，广泛获得有效的ED治疗的机会仍然有限。提高心理治疗的效力并将其从研究环境扩展到临床实践，有很大的潜力增加获得护理的机会，从而减轻急救人员的负担。
This review summarizes recent evidence on psychological treatments for eating disorders (EDs). EDs are serious psychiatric conditions requiring evidence-based intervention. Treatments have been evaluated within each ED diagnosis and across diagnoses. For adults with anorexia nervosa, no one specialist treatment has been shown to be superior. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) remain the most established treatments for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder, with stepped-care approaches showing promise and new behavioral treatments under study. Transdiagnostic enhanced CBT has improved symptoms in adults and youth. Maudsley family-based therapy is the most established treatment for youth with anorexia nervosa and may be efficacious for youth with bulimia nervosa. IPT for the prevention of excess weight gain may be efficacious for reducing loss of control eating and weight gain in overweight youth. Significant advances in treatments have been made, including evaluation of long-term outcomes, novel approaches, and tailored extension for specific patient profiles. However, widespread access to effective ED treatments remains limited. Increasing the potency and expanding the implementation of psychological treatments beyond research settings into clinical practice has strong potential to increase access to care, thereby reducing the burden of EDs.