Microbial ecology of coral-dominated reefs in the Federated States of Micronesia
Microbial ecology of coral-dominated reefs in the Federated States of Micronesia
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DOI：
10.3354/ame01961
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
McNally, Sean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Apprill, Amy;Holm, Henry;McNally, Sean
微生物是珊瑚礁生态系统功能的核心，但大多数珊瑚礁的微生物动态尚未得到研究。我们研究了密克罗尼西亚联邦浅海珊瑚礁的微生物生态。我们调查了 7 个岛屿和环礁（雅浦岛、沃莱艾岛、奥利玛劳岛、科斯雷岛、卡平加马兰吉岛、努库奥罗岛和波纳佩岛）周围的 20 个珊瑚礁，总长 875 053 公里(2)。在珊瑚礁上，我们发现与大型藻类覆盖率（15.2 +/- 15.5 %；最大 58 %）相比，珊瑚覆盖率始终较高（平均值 +/- SD = 36.9 +/- 22.2%；最大 77 %），并且鱼类丰度较低。珊瑚礁水域的无机营养物浓度较低，主要以聚球藻、原基球菌和 SAR11 细菌为主。细菌和古菌群落的丰富度与岛屿/环礁和深度之间的相互作用显着相关。珊瑚礁上的高珊瑚覆盖率与黄杆菌科、Leisingera、Owenweeksia、弧菌和 OM27 分支以及其他异养细菌群的相对丰度较高有关，这与居住在珊瑚附近水域和珊瑚粘液内的群落一致。珊瑚礁深度的微生物群落结构与地理距离显着相关，表明岛屿生物地理影响珊瑚礁微生物群落。科斯雷岛的珊瑚礁拥有最高的珊瑚丰度和多样性，与其他地点相比是独一无二的；科斯雷礁海水的有机碳含量最低（59.8-67.9 μM），有机氮含量最高（4.5-5.3 μM），微生物群落一致（相似度>85%），以异养细胞为主。这项研究表明，密克罗尼西亚珊瑚礁的珊瑚水微生物生态受到珊瑚密度和多样性以及其他生物地理特征的影响。
Microorganisms are central to the functioning of coral reef ecosystems, but their dynamics are unstudied on most reefs. We examined the microbial ecology of shallow reefs within the Federated States of Micronesia. We surveyed 20 reefs surrounding 7 islands and atolls (Yap, Woleai, Olimarao, Kosrae, Kapingamarangi, Nukuoro, and Pohnpei), spanning 875 053 km(2). On the reefs, we found consistently higher coral coverage (mean +/- SD = 36.9 +/- 22.2%; max 77 %) compared to macroalgae coverage (15.2 +/- 15.5 %; max 58 %), and low abundances of fish. Reef waters had low inorganic nutrient concentrations and were dominated by Synechococcus, Prochiorococcus, and SAR11 bacteria. The richness of bacterial and archaeal communities was significantly related to interactions between island/atoll and depth. High coral coverage on reefs was linked to higher relative abundances of Flavobacteriaceae, Leisingera, Owenweeksia, Vibrio, and the OM27 clade, as well as other heterotrophic bacterial groups, consistent with communities residing in waters near corals and within coral mucus. Microbial community structure at reef depth was significantly correlated with geographic distance, suggesting that island biogeography influences reef microbial communities. Reefs at Kosrae Island, which hosted the highest coral abundance and diversity, were unique compared to other locations; seawater from Kosrae reefs had the lowest organic carbon (59.8-67.9 mu M), highest organic nitrogen (4.5-5.3 mu M), and harbored consistent microbial communities (>85% similar), which were dominated by heterotrophic cells. This study suggests that the reef-water microbial ecology on Micronesian reefs is influenced by the density and diversity of corals as well as other biogeographical features.