Analyzing, Modeling, and Provisioning QoS for NVMe SSDs
Analyzing, Modeling, and Provisioning QoS for NVMe SSDs
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/ucc.2018.00033
复制
发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shashank Gugnani;Xiaoyi Lu;D. Panda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shashank Gugnani;Xiaoyi Lu;D. Panda
基于 NVMe 的 SSD 因其极低的延迟和读写操作的高吞吐量而受到大数据分析的巨大需求。它们在请求处理中固有的并行性使它们非常适合在虚拟化环境中使用，在虚拟化环境中，资源共享是给定的。鉴于云环境共享资源驱动的思想，设计能够为应用程序提供一定服务保证的中间件势在必行。在本文中，我们展示了如何在虚拟化环境中为 NVMe SSD 提供此类 QoS。我们的贡献有三个方面：(1) 在 QEMU 中设计准确的 NVMe 仿真机制以提供 QoS 方案；(2) 仲裁机制的理论建模以协助 SLA 配置；(3) 在英特尔 SPDK 中提出设计以无缝使用 NVMe 提供的基于硬件的 QoS。我们为我们的设计提供完整的案例，并通过彻底的实验评估对其进行验证。我们表明，赤字循环（DRR）作为一种基于硬件的仲裁方案更适合为 NVMe SSD 提供带宽保证。我们的评估表明，通过将我们提出的 QEMU 中的 QoS 感知 NVMe 模拟器与增强的 SPDK 运行时相结合，我们可以以应用程序不知情的方式实现 I/O 带宽 SLA 保证。
NVMe-based SSDs are in huge demand for Big Data analytics owing to their extremely low latency and high throughput for both read and write operations. Their inherent parallelism in request processing makes them ideal to be used in virtualized environments, where sharing of resources is a given. Given the shared resource-driven ideology of cloud environments, it is imperative to design middleware which can provide some guarantee of service to applications. In this paper, we show how such QoS can be provided for NVMe SSDs in virtualized environments. Our contributions are threefold: (1) design of accurate NVMe emulation mechanisms in QEMU to provide QoS schemes, (2) theoretical modeling of arbitration mechanisms for assisting in SLA provisioning, and (3) proposing designs in Intel SPDK to seamlessly use the hardware-based QoS provided by NVMe. We provide a complete case for our designs and validate them through thorough experimental evaluation. We show that Deficit Round Robin (DRR) as a hardware-based arbitration scheme is more suited for providing bandwidth guarantees for NVMe SSDs. Our evaluations show that by combining our proposed QoS-aware NVMe emulator in QEMU and enhanced SPDK runtime, we can achieve I/O bandwidth SLA guarantees in an application oblivious manner.