Metavirome Sequencing of the Termite Gut Reveals the Presence of an Unexplored Bacteriophage Community.
Metavirome Sequencing of the Termite Gut Reveals the Presence of an Unexplored Bacteriophage Community.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.02548
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Husseneder C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tikhe CV;Husseneder C
台湾地下白蚁；台湾乳白蚁的营养依赖于肠道内复杂多样的细菌和原生动物群落。尽管已经有许多研究来破译白蚁肠道内细菌群落的分类学和功能多样性，但它们的噬菌体仍未得到研究。我们对台湾地下白蚁工肠道的宏病毒组进行了测序，以研究噬菌体和其他相关病毒的多样性。结果表明，白蚁的肠道内含有一种病毒组，由各种以前未知的噬菌体组成。 Metavir 预测的 dsDNA 病毒基因中有 87-90% 与有尾噬菌体（Caudovirales）相似。许多预测来自病毒组的基因与细菌原噬菌体区域相匹配。这些数据表明病毒组以温带噬菌体为主。我们预测了来自白蚁肠道的七种新型有尾病毒目噬菌体的基因组。在所有测试的三个白蚁群落中发现了其中三个预测的噬菌体基因组的高比例。预计两种噬菌体会感染肠道原生动物的内共生细菌。这些感染肠道原生动物内共生菌的假定噬菌体的存在表明白蚁与其共生原生动物、原生动物内共生细菌及其噬菌体之间存在四方关系。除Caudovirales目外，白蚁肠道中也存在ss-DNA病毒相关基因。我们预测了来自白蚁肠道的 12 种新型微病毒科噬菌体的基因组，其中 7 种可能代表一个新提出的亚科。圆环病毒样基因组也以较低的相对丰度从白蚁肠道组装而成。我们在这项研究中预测了 10 种新型圆环病毒基因组。这些圆环病毒是否感染白蚁目前仍不清楚。功能和分类学注释表明，白蚁可能拥有由感染肠道原生动物内共生体的噬菌体组成的核心病毒组。
The Formosan subterranean termite; Coptotermes formosanus is nutritionally dependent on the complex and diverse community of bacteria and protozoa in their gut. Although, there have been many studies to decipher the taxonomic and functional diversity of bacterial communities in the guts of termites, their bacteriophages remain unstudied. We sequenced the metavirome of the guts of Formosan subterranean termite workers to study the diversity of bacteriophages and other associated viruses. Results showed that the termites harbor a virome in their gut comprised of varied and previously unknown bacteriophages. Between 87–90% of the predicted dsDNA virus genes by Metavir showed similarity to the tailed bacteriophages (Caudovirales). Many predicted genes from the virome matched to bacterial prophage regions. These data are suggestive of a virome dominated by temperate bacteriophages. We predicted the genomes of seven novel Caudovirales bacteriophages from the termite gut. Three of these predicted bacteriophage genomes were found in high proportions in all the three termite colonies tested. Two bacteriophages are predicted to infect endosymbiotic bacteria of the gut protozoa. The presence of these putative bacteriophages infecting endosymbionts of the gut protozoa, suggests a quadripartite relationship between the termites their symbiotic protozoa, endosymbiotic bacteria of the protozoa and their bacteriophages. Other than Caudovirales, ss-DNA virus related genes were also present in the termite gut. We predicted the genomes of 12 novel Microviridae phages from the termite gut and seven of those possibly represent a new proposed subfamily. Circovirus like genomes were also assembled from the termite gut at lower relative abundance. We predicted 10 novel circovirus genomes in this study. Whether these circoviruses infect the termites remains elusive at the moment. The functional and taxonomical annotations suggest that the termites may harbor a core virome comprised of the bacteriophages infecting endosymbionts of the gut protozoa.