Who Should Represent Future Generations in Climate Planning?
Who Should Represent Future Generations in Climate Planning?
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DOI：
10.1017/s0892679422000168
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发表时间：
2022-01-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Hyams, Keith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byskov, Morten Fibieger;Hyams, Keith
气候变化的极端影响已经在世界各地感受到。我们现在做出的政策选择不仅会影响全球气温上升的程度，还会影响未来经济和基础设施如何科普这些变化。因此，子孙后代的利益必须成为气候政策和做法的核心。这就提出了一个问题：在气候变化问题上，谁应该代表子孙后代的利益？我们应该根据什么标准来判断一个特定的候选人是否能成为后代的适当代表？在这篇文章中，我们认为，未来几代人的潜在代表应该满足我们所谓的“假设接受标准”，这要求代表可以合理地预期被后代接受。这一首要标准又产生了两个衍生标准。这些因素是：第一，代表与后代人在认识和经验上的相似性;第二，代表后代人行事的动机。我们的结论是，已经受到气候变化不利影响的社区最符合这些标准，因此能够命令后代的假设接受。
Extreme impacts from climate change are already being felt around the world. The policy choices that we make now will affect not only how high global temperatures rise but also how well-equipped future economies and infrastructures are to cope with these changes. The interests of future generations must therefore be central to climate policy and practice. This raises the questions: Who should represent the interests of future generations with respect to climate change? And according to which criteria should we judge whether a particular candidate would make an appropriate representative for future generations? In this essay, we argue that potential representatives of future generations should satisfy what we call a "hypothetical acceptance criterion," which requires that the representative could reasonably be expected to be accepted by future generations. This overarching criterion in turn gives rise to two derivative criteria. These are, first, the representative's epistemic and experiential similarity to future generations, and second, his or her motivation to act on behalf of future generations. We conclude that communities already adversely affected by climate change best satisfy these criteria and are therefore able to command the hypothetical acceptance of future generations.