The ethical landscape(s) of non-invasive prenatal testing in England, France and Germany: findings from a comparative literature review.
The ethical landscape(s) of non-invasive prenatal testing in England, France and Germany: findings from a comparative literature review.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41431-021-00970-2
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Horn, Ruth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perrot, Adeline;Horn, Ruth
自2019年以来，英国、法国和德国已开始提供NIPT作为公共资助的常见染色体非整倍性（21、18和/或13三体）的二级检测。尽管有这些好处，将NIPT引入常规产前护理也引起了一些伦理问题。在本文中，我们分析了这些问题如何在不同国家进行不同的讨论，反映了不同的社会政治特殊性和价值体系，这些特殊性和价值体系塑造了NIPT在特定国家的使用和监管。英国、法国和德国之间的国际比较表明，每个国家如何界定生育自主原则，并将其与其他原则和价值观（如人的尊严、残疾人权利和卫生专业人员的护理义务）进行权衡。在方法论方面，我们的文献综述侧重于产前检测和生殖选择（特别是NIPT）的争论和法规，通过调查监管，议会，科学，医学，协会，机构和媒体来源。比较审查有助于更好地理解讨论的伦理问题，关于NIPT，更广泛地说，产前基因组检测，并与生殖自主权在研究的三个国家的限制。虽然每个国家都重视生育自主权，但对它的理解和执行却各不相同，这取决于社会文化背景，取决于所援引的其他原则以及如何界定这些原则。
Since 2019, England, France and Germany have started offering NIPT as a publicly funded second-tier test for common chromosomal aneuploidies (trisomy 21, 18 and/or 13). Despite these benefits, the introduction of NIPT into routine prenatal care also raises a number of ethical concerns. In this paper, we analyse how these issues are discussed differently across countries, echoing the different socio-political particularities and value-systems that shape the use and regulation of NIPT in a specific country. The international comparison between England, France and Germany shows how each country defines the principle of reproductive autonomy and weighs it against other principles and values, such as, human dignity, disability rights and the duty of care of health professionals. In terms of methodology, our literature review focuses on arguments and regulations of prenatal testing and reproductive choices (specifically on NIPT), through the investigation of regulatory, parliamentary, scientific, medical, association, institutional and media sources. The comparative review helps to better understand ethical questions discussed with regard to NIPT, and, more broadly, to prenatal genomic testing, and the limits associated with reproductive autonomy in the three countries studied. Whereas reproductive autonomy is valued in each country, it is understood and implemented differently depending on the socio-cultural context, and on what other principles are evoked and how they are defined.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Erikson, SL
通讯作者：
Erikson, SL
影响因子：
3
作者：
Hill M;Barrett A;Choolani M;Lewis C;Fisher J;Chitty LS
通讯作者：
Chitty LS
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Costa, Jean-Marc;Letourneau, Alexandra;Benachi, Alexandra
通讯作者：
Benachi, Alexandra
DOI：
10.2147/ijwh.s67124
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
International journal of women's health
影响因子：
--
作者：
Allyse M;Minear MA;Berson E;Sridhar S;Rote M;Hung A;Chandrasekharan S
通讯作者：
Chandrasekharan S
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Brison, Nathalie;Van Den Bogaert, Kris;Vermeesch, Joris R.
通讯作者：
Vermeesch, Joris R.