Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support
Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support
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DOI：
10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00244-0
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hillis, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wilcox, TP;Zwickl, DJ;Hillis, DM
新大陆的四个属（Exiliboa，Trachyboa，Tropidophis和Ungaliophis）被许多系统学家放在一个单一的组（传统上称为Tropidophiidae）。然而，这个群体的单系性在一些研究中受到质疑。此外，对蛇类谱系之间的整体关系，包括矮蟒蛇的位置，还知之甚少。我们从23种蛇中获得了12 S，16 S和干预tRNA-val基因的mtDNA序列数据，这些蛇代表了大多数主要的蛇类谱系，包括所有四个属的新世界矮蛇。然后，我们研究了这些物种的系统发育位置估计的基础蛇的亲缘关系。我们的系统发育分析表明，新世界侏儒蟒不是单系的。相反，我们发现Exiliboa和Ungaliophis是最密切相关的沙蟒（Erycinae），蟒蛇（Boinae），和先进的蛇（Caenophidea），而Tropidophis和Trachyboa形成一个独立的分支，分离相对较早的蛇辐射。我们对蛇的生殖的估计在其他方面与以前对蛇的生殖的估计有很大的不同。例如，蟒蛇不与蟒蛇和沙蟒聚集在一起，而是与Loxocemus和Xenopeltis有很强的关系。此外，uropeltids集群强烈与troidophis，并一起嵌入在什么以前被认为是macrostomata辐射。这些关系都支持引导（参数和非参数方法）和贝叶斯分析，虽然贝叶斯支持值始终高于从非参数引导。模拟结果表明，贝叶斯支持值代表更好的估计系统发育的准确性比非参数的自助支持值，至少在我们的研究条件下。(C)2002 Elsevier Science（美国）。All rights reserved.
Four New World genera of dwarf boas (Exiliboa, Trachyboa, Tropidophis, and Ungaliophis) have been placed by many systematists in a single group (traditionally called Tropidophiidae). However, the monophyly of this group has been questioned in several studies. Moreover, the overall relationships among basal snake lineages, including the placement of the dwarf boas, are poorly understood. We obtained mtDNA sequence data for 12S, 16S, and intervening tRNA-val genes from 23 species of snakes representing most major snake lineages, including all four genera of New World dwarf boas. We then examined the phylogenetic position of these species by estimating the phylogeny of the basal snakes. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that New World dwarf boas are not monophyletic. Instead, we find Exiliboa and Ungaliophis to be most closely related to sand boas (Erycinae), boas (Boinae), and advanced snakes (Caenophidea), whereas Tropidophis and Trachyboa form an independent clade that separated relatively early in snake radiation. Our estimate of snake phylogeny differs significantly in other ways from some previous estimates of snake phylogeny. For instance, pythons do not cluster with boas and sand boas, but instead show a strong relationship with Loxocemus and Xenopeltis. Additionally, uropeltids cluster strongly with Cylindrophis, and together are embedded in what has previously been considered the macrostomatan radiation. These relationships are supported by both bootstrapping (parametric and nonparametric approaches) and Bayesian analysis, although Bayesian support values are consistently higher than those obtained from nonparametric bootstrapping. Simulations show that Bayesian support values represent much better estimates of phylogenetic accuracy than do nonparametric bootstrap support values, at least under the conditions of our study. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.