Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) health services in the United States: Origins, evolution, and contemporary landscape.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) health services in the United States: Origins, evolution, and contemporary landscape.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0180544
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Meyer IH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martos AJ;Wilson PA;Meyer IH
美国的LGBT社区组织至少从20世纪70年代起就开始提供医疗服务。然而，对LGBT健康服务起源的现有解释并不足以解释为什么健康特别与LGBT活动如此密切和一贯地联系在一起。随着对LGBT健康需求的科学理解的不断加深，LGBT健康服务如何随着时间的推移而演变，这一点也知之甚少。这项研究首先回顾了性与健康的早期交叉点，这些交叉点导致了美国的LGBT健康运动，以及LGBT健康服务随着时间的推移的演变。在此基础上，我们绘制了一张资产地图，展示了“LGBT社区健康中心”目前提供的服务的位置和类型，以及LGBT人群的人口密度。2015年9月至12月期间，对LGBT社区卫生中心进行了在线搜索。通过联邦注册的非营利组织在线数据库和组织网站确认了组织细节，包括实际地址和提供的服务。利用地理信息系统软件ArcGIS for Desktop，分析并提供了提供服务的地点和类型以及县级同性家庭普查数据。LGBT社区卫生中心集中在城市中心和沿海各州，更有可能出现在同性伴侣密度高的地区。LGBT社区卫生中心在13个州没有运作。提供的最常见的保健服务是健康方案、艾滋病毒/性传播感染服务和咨询服务。随着时间的推移，LGBT社区卫生中心已经适应了LGBT人群的需求。然而，美国的服务仍然存在重大差距，LGBT社区卫生中心可能需要进行重大改革，以便继续为LGBT人群提供服务。
LGBT community organizations in the United States have been providing health services since at least the 1970s. However, available explanations for the origins of LGBT health services do not sufficiently explain why health in particular has been so closely and consistently linked to LGBT activism. Little is also known regarding how LGBT health services may have evolved over time with the growing scientific understanding of LGBT health needs. This study begins with a review of the early intersections of sexuality and health that led to an LGBT health movement in the United States, as well as the evolution of LGBT health services over time. Informed by this, an asset map displaying the location and types of services provided by “LGBT community health centers” today in relation to the population density of LGBT people was explored. An online search of LGBT community health centers was conducted between September–December, 2015. Organizational details, including physical addresses and the services provided, were confirmed via an online database of federally-registered non-profit organizations and organizational websites. The locations and types of services provided were analyzed and presented alongside county-level census data of same-sex households using geographic information system (GIS) software ArcGIS for Desktop. LGBT community health centers are concentrated within urban hubs and coastal states, and are more likely to be present in areas with a high density of same-sex couples. LGBT community health centers do not operate in 13 states. The most common health services provided are wellness programs, HIV/STI services, and counseling services. LGBT community health centers have adapted over time to meet the needs of LGBT people. However, significant gaps in service remain in the United States, and LGBT community health centers may require significant transformations going forward in order to continue serving LGBT people.
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影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Austin, Erika Laine
通讯作者：
Austin, Erika Laine
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
ARNO, PS
通讯作者：
ARNO, PS
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Barrett, DC;Pollack, LM
通讯作者：
Pollack, LM
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
ESTERBERG, KG
通讯作者：
ESTERBERG, KG