Evidence for introgressive hybridization of captive markhor (Capra falconeri) with domestic goat:: Cautions for reintroduction
Evidence for introgressive hybridization of captive markhor (Capra falconeri) with domestic goat:: Cautions for reintroduction
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DOI：
10.1007/s10528-008-9145-y
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Suchentrunk, Franz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hammer, Sabine E.;Schwammer, Harald M.;Suchentrunk, Franz
Markhors （Capra falconeri）是最濒危的哺乳动物物种之一，一些保护措施，包括迁地繁殖，被实施以防止其灭绝。研究了4个动物园饲养的山羊线粒体DNA控制区第一高变段的序列多样性和分化，并与其他野生山羊和家山羊进行了比较，首次评估了这两个亚种之间的分子差异性和变异水平，并探讨了山羊相关类群（如家山羊）可能的遗传渗入。一些falconeri山羊谱系与现代家山羊之间的分化水平与其他野生山羊物种（如Capra aegagrus， Capra ibex）与家山羊之间的分化水平相似。在纯种标记体谱系中，发现了七氏c.f.p hetneri的旁系，表明标记体亚种之间存在共同的祖先多态性，或者亚种之间存在古代或近代的基因交换。有趣的是，在三家动物园研究的所有标记中，35.7%是由家山羊遗传的。此外，尽管繁殖群体规模相对较小，但标记在动物园群体中保持了相对较高的mtDNA变异比例。在任何情况下，在为迁地繁殖计划选择标记时，都应该考虑到是否存在与家羊DNA渗入的标记，目的是建立一个种群，以便以后重新引入野外。
Markhors (Capra falconeri) are among the most endangered mammal species, and several conservation measures, including ex situ breeding, are implemented to prevent their extinction. We studied sequence diversity and differentiation of the first hypervariable segment of the mitochondrial DNA control region among C. f. heptneri and C. f. megaceros kept in four zoos in relationship to lineages of other wild and domestic goats, to assess for the first time the level of molecular distinctness and variability among those subspecies, and to check for possible introgression by related Capra taxa, such as domestic goats. Levels of differentiation between some Capra falconeri lineages and modern domestic goats were similar to levels between other wild goat species (i.e., Capra aegagrus, Capra ibex) and domestic goats. Among pure markhor lineages, paraphyly was observed for C. f. heptneri, suggesting occurrence of shared ancestral polymorphism among markhor subspecies and/or ancient or recent gene exchange between subspecies. Interestingly, 35.7% of all studied markhors from three zoos are introgressed by the domestic goat. Furthermore, despite relatively small breeding group sizes, markhors have maintained a relatively high proportion of mtDNA variation within zoo groups. In any case, the existence of markhors introgressed with domestic goat DNA in zoos should be considered when selecting markhors for ex situ breeding programs with the aim of building up a stock for later reintroduction into the wild.