Metabolized‐Water Breeding Diseases in Urban India: Sociospatiality of Water Problems and Health Burden in Ahmedabad City
Metabolized‐Water Breeding Diseases in Urban India: Sociospatiality of Water Problems and Health Burden in Ahmedabad City
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DOI：
10.1111/jiec.12172
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
V. Saravanan;D. Mavalankar;S. Kulkarni;S. Nussbaum;Martin Weigelt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Saravanan;D. Mavalankar;S. Kulkarni;S. Nussbaum;Martin Weigelt
对城市新陈代谢的研究为与水流动相关的物质和社会政治问题提供了重要的见解。然而，缺乏揭示基础设施作为社会和物质结构的混合体如何促进疾病发生的研究。本文将城市新陈代谢、政治生态学和人类学研究结合起来，通过解决艾哈迈达巴德市的水问题及其健康负担的日常实践，研究物质流的社会建设和重建。本文从地理上参考了水问题和疾病的发生，并通过访谈记录了艾哈迈达巴德两个案例研究区水问题和健康负担的社会空间特征。通过对日常实践的情境理解，基础设施通过泄漏暴露出来，揭示了市民对更好的水质的渴望，并努力通过各种“压力”策略获得水。正是这些水的社会物质结构赋予了城市空间结构和连贯性，这在空间上与疾病的发生不谋而合。它揭示了水问题的社会政治驱动因素，并确定了疾病出现热点的不同假设。该方法为研究人员和发展机构提供了一条前进的道路，通过一种考虑到不同行为者权力的分散相互作用的渐进方法，改进对水基础设施和公共卫生的监督和监测。它通过强调检查日常实践的社会空间性对提高经济快速增长的城市资源利用效率的重要性，为建立城市新陈代谢指明了途径。
Studies on urban metabolism have provided important insights in the material and sociopolitical issues associated with the flow of water. However, there is a dearth of studies that reveal how infrastructure, as a hybrid of social and material construct, facilitates disease emergence. The article brings together urban metabolism, political ecology, and anthropological studies to examine the social construction and reconstruction of the material flow through everyday practices for addressing the water problem and its health burden in Ahmedabad city. The article georeferences the water problems and occurrence of diseases and, through interviews, documents Ahmedabad's sociospatial characteristics of water problems and health burden in two case study wards. Through a situated understanding of the everyday practices, the infrastructure is exposed through leakages, reveals the citizens desire for better water quality, and struggle to gain access to water using diverse ‘pressure’ tactics. It is these social‐material constructs of water that give structure and coherence to urban space, which spatially coincides with the occurrence of diseases. It reveals the sociopolitical drivers of the water problems and identifies different hypotheses of the hotspots of disease emergences. The methodology offers a way forward for researchers and development agencies to improve the surveillance and monitoring of water infrastructure and public health through an incremental approach that takes into consideration the diffuse interplay of power by diverse actors. It charts out avenues for building on the urban metabolism by emphasizing the importance of examining the sociospatiality of the everyday practices for improving resource use efficiencies in cities of rapidly growing economies.