Can Obviously Intoxicated Patrons Still Easily Buy Alcohol at On-Premise Establishments?
Can Obviously Intoxicated Patrons Still Easily Buy Alcohol at On-Premise Establishments?
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DOI：
10.1111/acer.12985
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Erickson, Darin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Toomey, Traci L.;Lenk, Kathleen M.;Erickson, Darin J.
背景 在有执照的酒精场所（即酒吧和餐馆）过量饮酒与交通事故和暴力等酒精相关问题直接相关。从历史上看，尽管法律禁止销售酒精，但酒类场所很有可能向明显喝醉的顾客出售酒精（也称为过度服务）。考虑到与过度服务相关的风险以及对最新数据的需求，我们监控向明显醉酒顾客销售酒精的可能性至关重要。方法为了评估当前有执照的酒类场所向明显醉酒顾客出售酒精的可能性，我们在 1 个中西部大都市区的 340 家场所进行了假醉酒购买尝试（即演员在表现出明显醉酒迹象时试图购买酒精饮料）。我们还测量了场所、假醉酒顾客、服务员、经理和社区的特征，以评估这些特征是否与明显醉酒顾客的销售可能性相关。我们使用双变量和多元回归模型评估了这些关联。结果假醉酒的买家能够在 82% 的场所购买酒精饮料。在完全调整的多元回归模型中，我们评估的特征中只有 1 个与向醉酒顾客出售酒精的可能性显着相关。与独立拥有的场所相比，公司实体拥有的场所向假性醉酒顾客出售酒精的可能性高出 3.6 倍。结论考虑到与过度饮酒相关的风险，应首先投入更多资源来确定减少过度饮酒的有效干预措施，然后教育在社区工作的从业人员解决这一公共卫生问题。
BackgroundExcessive alcohol consumption at licensed alcohol establishments (i.e., bars and restaurants) has been directly linked to alcohol-related problems such as traffic crashes and violence. Historically, alcohol establishments have had a high likelihood of selling alcohol to obviously intoxicated patrons (also referred to as overservice) despite laws prohibiting these sales. Given the risks associated with overservice and the need for up-to-date data, it is critical that we monitor the likelihood of sales to obviously intoxicated patrons.MethodsTo assess the current likelihood of a licensed alcohol establishment selling alcohol to an obviously intoxicated patron, we conducted pseudo-intoxicated purchase attempts (i.e., actors attempt to purchase alcohol while acting out obvious signs of intoxication) at 340 establishments in 1 Midwestern metropolitan area. We also measured characteristics of the establishments, the pseudo-intoxicated patrons, the servers, the managers, and the neighborhoods to assess whether these characteristics were associated with likelihood of sales of obviously intoxicated patrons. We assessed these associations with bivariate and multivariate regression models.ResultsPseudo-intoxicated buyers were able to purchase alcohol at 82% of the establishments. In the fully adjusted multivariate regression model, only 1 of the characteristics we assessed was significantly associated with likelihood of selling to intoxicated patronsestablishments owned by a corporate entity had 3.6 greater odds of selling alcohol to a pseudo-intoxicated buyer compared to independently owned establishments.ConclusionsGiven the risks associated with overservice of alcohol, more resources should be devoted first to identify effective interventions for decreasing overservice of alcohol and then to educate practitioners who are working in their communities to address this public health problem.