Obesity in Latin American women and children
Obesity in Latin American women and children
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/128.9.1464
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发表时间：
1998-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Grummer-Strawn, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martorell, R;Khan, LK;Grummer-Strawn, LM
自1982年以来进行的国家调查被用来评估拉丁美洲和加勒比国家以及墨西哥裔美国居民的孕产妇和儿童肥胖。在海地，体重指数（BMI）>30 kg/m2的女性肥胖率为3%，在8个拉丁美洲国家为8-10%，在墨西哥裔美国人中为29%。拉丁美洲女性的BMI中位数接近或高于美国普通人群的第50百分位数;墨西哥裔美国人的BMI值超过第75百分位数。在13个国家中，1-5岁儿童的超重率（高于平均身高体重1个标准）从海地的6%到秘鲁的24%不等。24%的墨西哥裔美国儿童超重。城市地区和社会经济地位较高的家庭儿童超重和妇女肥胖的发生率较高。母亲受教育程度越高，儿童超重的情况越多;然而，在一些国家，妇女肥胖的情况随着受教育程度的提高而减少。在8个国家中，没有观察到儿童超重随时间变化的一般模式。在有这类数据的三个国家，妇女和墨西哥裔美国妇女和儿童的肥胖症有所增加。有一种趋势是，国民收入越高，妇女肥胖率越高，儿童发育迟缓率越低。本区域的肥胖程度表明了一个公共卫生问题，特别是在妇女中，因为研究已经查明了与成人肥胖有关的死亡率和发病率风险。
National surveys conducted since 1982 were used to assess maternal and child obesity in Latin American and Caribbean countries and in U.S. residents of Mexican descent. Obesity in women, a body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m(2), was 3% in Haiti, 8-10% in eight Latin American countries and 29% in Mexican Americans. Median BMI for Latin American women were near or above the 50th percentile of the general U.S. population; values exceeded the 75th percentile in the case of Mexican Americans. The prevalence of overweight (>1 so above mean weight-for-height) in children 1-5 y of age ranged from 6% in Haiti to 24% in Peru among 13 countries. Overweight occurred in 24% of Mexican-American children. Prevalences of overweight in children and of obesity in women were greater in urban areas and in households of higher socioeconomic status. Overweight in children increased with higher maternal education; however, in some countries, obesity in women decreased with higher education. No general pattern of change over time was observed in eight countries in overweight in children. Obesity in women increased in the three countries with such data and in Mexican-American women and children. There was a tendency for greater national incomes to be associated with greater obesity levels in women and with lower levels of stunting in children. Levels of obesity in the region indicate a public health concern, particularly among women, considering that studies have identified mortality and morbidity risks associated with obesity in adults.